2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Industrial Transformation and the Migration Process of Labours' Families during Rapid Economic Growth: the Dynamics of Large - scale Migration in the Coal Industry

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19H01576
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 08010:Sociology-related
Research Institution	Waseda University
Principal Investigator	SHIMAZAKI NAOKO 早稲田大学, 文学学術院, 教授 (40216049)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	笠原良太実践女子大学, 生活科学部, 講師 (20846357) 木村至聖甲南女子大学, 人間科学部, 准教授 (50611224) 新藤慶群馬大学, 共同教育学部, 准教授 (80455047) 張龍龍早稲田大学, 文学学術院, 助教 (80844141) 畑山直子日本大学, 文理学部, 助手 (10732688)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	炭鉱離職者 / 石炭産業 / 炭鉱閉山 / 地域移動 / 職業移動 / 高度経済成長 / 石炭政策
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The study ascertained the dynamic processes of industrial transformation and the re-employment, migration and settlement of labours and their families in post-war Japan, both through statistical descriptions and individual case studies. The findings are belows: (1) Regional migration of ex-miners in Hokkaido was dominated by re-employment in the coal-producing areas, with frequent out-migration during the 'gradual withdrawal period' but only a small number after the oil crisis. (2) Occupational mobility was determined by the industrial structure of the destination of moving. During the economic growth, a certain proportion of the miners switched to white-collar jobs, but after the growth period, the occupational mobility was fixed, with blue-collar jobs in the construction and manufacturing industries. Furthermore, during the 'coal review period', a return to coal mining in coal-producing areas was frequent and was the core solution for securing labour in 'buildup mines'.
Free Research Field	産業社会学、家族社会学、地域社会学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究の意義は、北海道における炭鉱離職者動向の全体像を把握し記述した点にある。第一次石炭政策から「石炭見直し期」を経て「最終撤退期」までの石炭政策全過程における北海道内の炭鉱離職者の再就職と移動、北海道ならびに北海道炭鉱離職者雇用援護協会、産炭地自治体による離職者対策を確認した。さらに炭鉱労働者の産業転換が石炭政策下で大きく変容した状況が明らかになった。とりわけ「ビルド鉱」として持続を使命づけられた北海道大手炭鉱の合理化・閉山離職者たちは、深刻な経済不況下で成長産業自体が失速し、他地域・他産業への再就職が困難であり、道内に滞留せざるをえなかった点の指摘は、本研究による重要な知見である。