2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
A novel genome engineering technology to create a huge number of genomic diversity by splitting chromosomes and applicataion to breeding in yeast
| Project/Area Number |
19H02878
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 38020:Applied microbiology-related
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| Research Institution | Sojo University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
笹野 佑 崇城大学, 生物生命学部, 教授 (90640194)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 酵母 / ゲノムの再編成技術 / 人工ゲノム / ゲノム工学 / 染色体工学 / ゲノム編集 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We have developed a novel breeding method called "Genome Reorganization Technology" in yeast. The technology consists of creation of master strain harboring a variety of artificial chromosomes by splitting natural chromosome. For example, twenty split chromosomes have a potential to generate one million kinds of genomic diversity by combinatorics. Based upon this idea, we have developed efficient chromosome splitting method which enables simultaneous splitting of multiple chromosomal sites by a single transformation. Master strain thus constructed was cultivated in the presence of reagent accelerating chromosome non-disjunction under a variety of conditions depending upon the purposes. Then, desired mutant was screened through random loss of split chromosomes during mitotic growth. We believe that this novel technology could be a useful tool kit to obtain unprecedented mutants which have never been isolated in previous study.
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| Free Research Field |
酵母の生命科学・生物工学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
どのような生物を対象としても、今後のゲノム操作、特に「合成生物工学」では、1回の形質転換操作で、多数の遺伝子を同時に、しかも効率よく操作・改変できる技術が重要になってくるであろう。本研究で開発を試みた「ゲノムの再編成技術」は、酵母を対象としたものではあるが、そのプロトタイプであると考えている。また「ゲノムの再編成技術」の中心的な要素技術である染色体の分断技術の効率化は、染色体任意領域の欠失や重複、置換の効率化をも同時に可能とする。さらに、生産効率が非常に高い細胞が持つゲノムの解析によって、将来ベストゲノムを合理的に設計できる理論を確立するための有用な知見が得られることも期待できる。
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