Transcriptional network regulating gametogenesis in basal land plants and its evolution

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19H03244
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 44030:Plant molecular biology and physiology-related
• Research Institution: Kyoto University
• Principal Investigator: Araki Takashi 京都大学, 生命科学研究科, 教授 (00273433)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 生殖系列 / 生殖細胞 / 配偶子形成 / 精細胞 / 転写制御ネットワーク / 転写制御因子 / 有性生殖 / ゼニゴケ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In male germ cell development in Marchantia polymorpha, we found that the relative contribution of DUO1-DAZ1 regulatory module, which is conserved among land plants, is relatively small. By contrast DUO1-RWP1 regulatory module, which has been lost during evolution leading to angiosperm, has a greater contribution. It plays an important role in stability, integrity, and stable transmission of the paternal genome through sperm nuclear condensation and other processes. We also investigated germline specification in Marchantia polymorpha and found upstream pathways of BNB, a master regulator of germline specification. After germline specification, a cell lineage which eventually generates gametes and a cell lineage for surrounding protective cells are separated. We found that another factor MS1 plays an important role in this process.

Free Research Field

植物生理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

仮入力
陸上植物の生殖細胞形成は、生殖系列の体細胞系列からの分離が生活環の後期におこる点で動物のそれとは大きく異なる。そのため、生殖細胞形成の理解には、陸上植物の過程を研究し、動物との共通点と相違点を理解することが不可欠である。これまで陸上植物の生殖細胞形成過程の研究は、シロイヌナズナ、イネなどの被子植物のモデル植物を用いて進められ、多くの細胞生物学・分子生物学上の知見が蓄積している。しかし、被子植物における生殖細胞形成は、基部陸上植物のコケ植物（苔類、蘚類、ツノゴケ類）のそれとは２つの点で大きく異なる。