2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidating the basis of plant cells based on the organelle division mechanism of microalgae
| Project/Area Number |
19H03260
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 44040:Morphology and anatomical structure-related
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| Research Institution | Japan Women's University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
永田 典子 日本女子大学, 理学部, 教授 (40311352)
八木沢 芙美 琉球大学, 研究基盤センター, 准教授 (70757658)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | オルガネラ分裂同調化 / オルガネラ分裂装置 / 細胞質分裂 / 細胞核分裂 / ミトコンドリア分裂 / 葉緑体分裂 / ペルオキシソーム分裂 / TOP |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Dynamics of organelle division / proliferation, etc. in eukaryotic cell proliferation, and the mechanism that leads the information to the cell nucleus and cytokinesis was studied using the primitive red alga C. merolae as a material. Each organelle divides sequentially using a division device, and each division. The constituents of the device were confirmed. It was revealed that TOP (kinesin-like substance) acts on the distribution of divided organelles and then is involved in cell fission. Subsequently, the cell membrane contractile substance (EF1α) functioned, and then molecules involved in central cell membrane disruption (ESCRT-III, ALIX, VPS4, etc.) appeared and divided. ESCR-III was presumed to form a complex with an "electron-dense ring" and cause final fragmentation, and similar rings were also observed in Medakamo. In addition, a metaphase chromosomal structure was confirmed in Schyzon.
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| Free Research Field |
細胞生物科学 オルガネラ生物科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
多様な真核生物を形成する真核細胞の基本構造と機能を解明することにより、細胞増殖のしくみが求められる医学（病気や癌の治療等)、農学(食糧の増産等)に利用される。既に報告したように、本研究の研究協力者の井元祐太博士によってシゾンで見出されたDYNAMO1が、ジョンズホプキンス大学から、癌の転移の阻止に有効との研究が公表されている。
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