Development of liquid biopsy for rapid molecular pathological diagnosis of highly malignant tumors and its application to precision medicine

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19H03559
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 52010:General internal medicine-related
• Research Institution: Shiga University of Medical Science
• Principal Investigator: DAIGO Yataro 滋賀医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (30345029)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 分子病態診断 / バイオマーカー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we screened cancer specific molecules (biomarkers) that can be applicable to practical cancer diagnosis through comprehensive and highly sensitive gene and protein analysis of clinical biomaterials from the patients with highly malignant thoracic cancer. Among them, we identified candidate diagnostic biomarkers for cancer risk diagnosis, early cancer detection, and personalized medicine (precision medicine). We reported the results of this study at various conferences and published some manuscripts in international academic journals. In this study, we obtained fundamental information towards the development of new personalized medicine for cancers.

Free Research Field

分子腫瘍学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

難治癌はその予防と超早期での発見、診断後は治療後の再発予防に向けた精密なフォローアップが重要であり、新たな高精度の診断法の開発が求められている。癌の病態を反映した生体試料を用いて最新の分子分析技術で遺伝子や蛋白質の解析を行い、実用化を念頭に置いた研究デザインで新しい診断方法の基盤情報を取得することで癌の予防に向けたリスク診断や早期診断に加え、癌の悪性度に基づいた治療選択とフォローによる個別化医療の開発に繋がり、癌の予後改善による健康寿命の延長やQOLの向上が期待される。