2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Research on devising effective teaching methods in the field of biology during the transitional period of childhood and elementary school

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19K02719
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 09040:Education on school subjects and primary/secondary education-related
Research Institution	Miyagi Gakuin Women's University (2020-2023) Koriyama Women's Junior College (2019)
Principal Investigator	Ito Tetsuaki 宮城学院女子大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (50735256)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	柴田卓郡山女子大学短期大学部, その他部局等, 准教授 (60762218) 山本容子筑波大学, 人間系, 准教授 (40738580) 板橋夏樹宮城学院女子大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (90733212) 佐久間邦友日本大学, 文理学部, 准教授 (30761209)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	素朴生物 / 学校生物 / 生物概念 / 楽天主義
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The purpose of this research is to clarify effective teaching methods for naive biology and school biology.The purpose of this research is to organize the research conducted to date on young children's biological thinking, and in particular to investigate the effects of young children's optimism. An analysis was added from this perspective. As a result, the following four points became clear. First, young children tend to believe that desirable traits will be passed on to their children and that undesirable traits will not be passed on to their children. Second, young children tend to believe that undesirable characteristics can change in desirable directions. Third, young children tend to apply optimism to psychological and physical characteristics, but not to genetic characteristics. Fourth, young children may apply effort-dependent optimism.
Free Research Field	生物教育学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	近年の幼児教育における課題の1つとして、科学教育の充実が挙げられる。例えば、経済開発協力機構は、科学教育を言語・算数教育と同様に幼児期から導入すべき不可欠な教育として捉えている。また、全米科学教師協会の基本方針表明でも、幼児期に科学概念を獲得させる機会の重要性を指摘している(NSTA,2014)。我が国でも同様に、幼児期における科学教育の充実が求められている。2018年4月より施行された幼稚園教育要領においては、幼児期の終わりまでに育ってほしい姿をあらたに明記し、その1つに「自然との関わり・生命尊重」の項目があげられ、「科学的な視点をもつこと」が目標として掲げられている。