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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Construction by diagram and classification by invariant of surface-knot

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K03466
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 11020:Geometry-related
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

Satoh Shin  神戸大学, 理学研究科, 教授 (90345009)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords曲面結び目 / 2次元結び目 / 射影図 / 3重点数 / 不変量 / 仮想結び目 / 交差多項式 / 局所変形
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The construction and classification of surface-knots are fundamental problems in surface-knot theory. The aim of this study is to construct surface-knots via diagrams and classify them via invariants. We develop a method to present diagrams of 2-knots of triple point number four via diagrams, and prove that a 2-knot has the triple point number four if and only if it is ribbon-concordant to the 2-twist-spun trefoil knot. It is known that an oriented ribbon surface-knot of genus one is presented by a virtual knot. We define three kinds of intersection polynomials of a virtual knot, which are independent of the writhe polynomial, and give a characterization of the polynomial and several properties on the connected sum. We also give a local move called a Xi-move corresponding to the odd writhe of a virtual knot. Furthermore we introduce virtualized Delta-, sharp-, and pass-moves and determine the invariants corresponding those local moves.

Free Research Field

結び目理論

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

曲面結び目の表の作成は、分類と構成の観点から重要な課題であり、その点で3重点数が4である2次元結び目の決定は意義が大きい。その手法は古典的結び目のガウス図を踏襲しており、種数が正である曲面結び目の分類にも応用ができる。リボン曲面結び目は仮想結び目で表示できるため、仮想結び目の不変量の研究は曲面結び目の研究につながる。本研究で導入した3種類の交差多項式は既知の不変量と独立な新しいもので、仮想結び目の連結和などに関し多くの応用を与えた点でインパクトがある。奇捩れ数に対する局所変形や、仮想デルタ変形などに対応する不変量の決定は、結び目理論における代数的・幾何的構造を明らかにする点で重要である。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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