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2021 Fiscal Year Research-status Report

From Protoplanetary Disks to the Solar System: Chemical Evolution of Organic Molecules

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K03910
Research InstitutionNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Principal Investigator

野村 英子  国立天文台, 科学研究部, 教授 (20397821)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 薮田 ひかる  広島大学, 先進理工系科学研究科(理), 教授 (30530844)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords星・惑星形成 / 原始惑星系円盤 / 星間化学
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

R3年度は、以下の研究を進めた。(1)原始惑星系円盤から放射される、線中心は光学的に厚い分子輝線の裾の光学的に薄い部分を用いて同位体組成比を求める手法を開発した。また、その手法をTW Hya円盤のALMA観測アーカイブデータに応用し、12CO/13CO比分布を測定した。その結果、円盤内の同位体比は半径方向に大きく変化し、100au以内では星間物質の平均値(~69)より低く(~20)、100au以遠では高い(~100)ことが分かった。円盤内縁の同位体比は、炭素・酸素元素組成比がC/O>1のもとでの同位体交換反応で説明でき、外縁の同位体比は、同位体のダストへの束縛エネルギーの違いで説明できる。同位体比は、分子雲から原始惑星系円盤を経て惑星系に至る物質進化を探る上での有力な指標となるが、本研究により、12CO/13CO比が惑星系の物質起源を探る鍵になり得ることが示された。(2)ALMAアーカイブデータを用いて、TW Hyaまわりの原始惑星系円盤よりHC18O+を初検出した。このデータと既存のH13CO+の観測データより、同位体比H13CO+/HC18O+=10.3を導いた。さらに、同位体交換反応により同位体濃縮が進行していると仮定し、H13CO+/HC18O+比より13CO/C18O=8.3を導出した。この結果は、星間物質の平均値と同程度であった。一方で、太陽系の隕石中の酸素同位体異常は、分子雲や原始太陽系円盤中の選択的光解離で解釈されている。それによると、円盤の気相中でC18Oが減少することが予測されるが、今回の観測はそれに反する結果であった。これは、TW Hya円盤と原始太陽系円盤の環境の違いに起因する可能性がある。(3)はやぶさ2プロジェクトにおける小惑星リュウグウ帰還試料の初期分析に専念し、本科研費研究に関わる有用な成果が得られた。

Current Status of Research Progress
Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

R3年度は、概ね当初の予定通り、ALMAアーカイブデータの解析と輻射輸送や同位体化学反応のモデル計算を行い、原始惑星系円盤中のCO同位体比を導き、炭素同位体比が円盤半径に依存して大きく変化することや酸素同位体比が太陽系近傍の星間物質の平均値と大きく変わらないことを示した。さらに、はやぶさ2プロジェクトにおける小惑星リュウグウ帰還試料の初期分析をすすめた。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

はやぶさ2の小惑星リュウグウ帰還試料の初期分析の成果が得られたので、それをもとに、原始惑星系円盤から微惑星への物質進化を探るモデル計算を氷マントル反応と同位体化学反応の観点から進める。

Causes of Carryover

当初は、研究打ち合わせのための国内出張や海外からの研究者の招へい、また、研究成果発表の出張旅費に使用予定であったが、COVID-19の影響で、予定していた出張や招へいがキャンセルになったため、使用できなくなった。
2022年度は出張が可能になりつつあるので、2021年度繰越分とと2022年度に予定していた分を合わせて、研究打ち合わせおよび研究成果発表の出張旅費に使用する。海外からの研究者の招へいも、可能であれば行う。

  • Research Products

    (51 results)

All 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (5 results) Journal Article (28 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 25 results,  Peer Reviewed: 28 results,  Open Access: 5 results) Presentation (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Invited: 4 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] クィーンズ大学ベルファスト/リーズ大学(英国)

    • Country Name
      UNITED KINGDOM
    • Counterpart Institution
      クィーンズ大学ベルファスト/リーズ大学
  • [Int'l Joint Research] キョンヒ大学/韓国天文研究院(KASI)(韓国)

    • Country Name
      KOREA (REP. OF KOREA)
    • Counterpart Institution
      キョンヒ大学/韓国天文研究院(KASI)
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ビクトリア大学(カナダ)

    • Country Name
      CANADA
    • Counterpart Institution
      ビクトリア大学
  • [Int'l Joint Research] グルノーブル大学/パリ自然史博物館/パリ=サクレー大学(フランス)

    • Country Name
      FRANCE
    • Counterpart Institution
      グルノーブル大学/パリ自然史博物館/パリ=サクレー大学
    • # of Other Institutions
      1
  • [Int'l Joint Research] アメリカ海軍調査研究所/カーネギー研究所(米国)

    • Country Name
      U.S.A.
    • Counterpart Institution
      アメリカ海軍調査研究所/カーネギー研究所
  • [Journal Article] Pebbles and sand on asteroid (162173) Ryugu: In situ observation and particles returned to Earth2022

    • Author(s)
      Tachibana S.、Sawada H.、Okazaki R.、Takano Y.、Sakamoto K.、Miura Y. N.、Okamoto C.、Yano H.、Yamanouchi S. ... Yabuta H. ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      Science

      Volume: 375 Pages: 1011~1016

    • DOI

      10.1126/science.abj8624

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Detection of HC18O+ in a Protoplanetary Disk: Exploring Oxygen Isotope Fractionation of CO2022

    • Author(s)
      Furuya Kenji、Tsukagoshi Takashi、Qi Chunhua、Nomura Hideko、Cleeves L. Ilsedore、Lee Seokho、Yoshida Tomohiro C.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 926 Pages: 148

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac45ff

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Misaligned Rotations of the Envelope, Outflow, and Disks in the Multiple Protostellar System of VLA 1623?2417: FAUST. III2022

    • Author(s)
      Ohashi Satoshi、Codella Claudio、Sakai Nami ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 927 Pages: 54

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac4cae

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] ALMA High-resolution Multiband Analysis for the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya2022

    • Author(s)
      Tsukagoshi Takashi、Nomura Hideko、Muto Takayuki、Kawabe Ryohei、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Okuzumi Satoshi、Ida Shigeru、Walsh Catherine、Millar Tom J.、Takahashi Sanemichi Z.、Hashimoto Jun、Uyama Taichi、Tamura Motohide
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 928 Pages: 49

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac5111

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] X-ray-induced chemistry of water and related molecules in low-mass protostellar envelopes2021

    • Author(s)
      Notsu Shota、van Dishoeck Ewine F.、Walsh Catherine、Bosman Arthur D.、Nomura Hideko
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 650 Pages: A180

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202140667

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] High Spatial Resolution Observations of Molecular Lines toward the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya with ALMA2021

    • Author(s)
      Nomura Hideko、Tsukagoshi Takashi、Kawabe Ryohei、Muto Takayuki、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Aikawa Yuri、Akiyama Eiji、Okuzumi Satoshi、Ida Shigeru、Lee Seokho、Walsh Catherine、Millar T. J.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 914 Pages: 113

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abfb6a

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Photoevaporation of Grain-depleted Protoplanetary Disks around Intermediate-mass Stars: Investigating the Possibility of Gas-rich Debris Disks as Protoplanetary Remnants2021

    • Author(s)
      Nakatani Riouhei、Kobayashi Hiroshi、Kuiper Rolf、Nomura Hideko、Aikawa Yuri
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 915 Pages: 90

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac0137

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). I. Program Overview and Highlights2021

    • Author(s)
      Oberg Karin I.、Guzman Viviana V.、Walsh Catherine ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 1

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1432

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). II. CLEAN Strategies for Synthesizing Images of Molecular Line Emission in Protoplanetary Disks2021

    • Author(s)
      Czekala Ian、Loomis Ryan A.、Teague Richard ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 2

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1430

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). III. Characteristics of Radial Chemical Substructures2021

    • Author(s)
      Law Charles J.、Loomis Ryan A.、Teague Richard ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 3

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1434

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). IV. Emission Surfaces and Vertical Distribution of Molecules2021

    • Author(s)
      Law Charles J.、Teague Richard、Loomis Ryan A. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 4

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1439

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). V. CO Gas Distributions2021

    • Author(s)
      Zhang Ke、Booth Alice S.、Law Charles J. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 5

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1580

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). VII. Substellar O/H and C/H and Superstellar C/O in Planet-feeding Gas2021

    • Author(s)
      Bosman Arthur D.、Alarcon Felipe、Bergin Edwin A. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 7

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1435

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). IX. Distribution and Properties of the Large Organic Molecules HC3N, CH3CN, and c-C3H22021

    • Author(s)
      Ilee John D.、Walsh Catherine、Booth Alice S. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 9

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1441

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). X. Studying Deuteration at High Angular Resolution toward Protoplanetary Disks2021

    • Author(s)
      Cataldi Gianni、Yamato Yoshihide、Aikawa Yuri ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 10

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac143d

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XI. CN and HCN as Tracers of Photochemistry in Disks2021

    • Author(s)
      Bergner Jennifer B.、Oberg Karin I.、Guzman Viviana V. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 11

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac143a

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XII. Inferring the C/O and S/H Ratios in Protoplanetary Disks with Sulfur Molecules2021

    • Author(s)
      Le Gal Romane、Oberg Karin I.、Teague Richard ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 12

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac2583

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIII. HCO+ and Disk Ionization Structure2021

    • Author(s)
      Aikawa Yuri、Cataldi Gianni、Yamato Yoshihide ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 13

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac143c

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XV. Tracing Protoplanetary Disk Structure within 20 au2021

    • Author(s)
      Bosman Arthur D.、Bergin Edwin A.、Loomis Ryan A. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 15

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1433

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XVI. Characterizing the Impact of the Molecular Wind on the Evolution of the HD 163296 System2021

    • Author(s)
      Booth Alice S.、Tabone Benoit、Ilee John D. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 16

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1ad4

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XVII. Determining the 2D Thermal Structure of the HD 163296 Disk2021

    • Author(s)
      Calahan Jenny K.、Bergin Edwin A.、Zhang Ke ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 17

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac143f

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIX. Spiral Arms, a Tail, and Diffuse Structures Traced by CO around the GM Aur Disk2021

    • Author(s)
      Huang Jane、Bergin Edwin A.、Oberg Karin I. ... Nomura Hideko ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Pages: 19

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac143e

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The formation of planetary systems with SPICA2021

    • Author(s)
      Kamp I.、Honda M.、Nomura H. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia

      Volume: 38 Pages: 55

    • DOI

      10.1017/pasa.2021.31

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] ALMA Super-resolution Imaging of T Tau: r = 12 au Gap in the Compact Dust Disk around T Tau N2021

    • Author(s)
      Yamaguchi Masayuki、Tsukagoshi Takashi、Muto Takayuki、Nomura Hideko、Nakazato Takeshi、Ikeda Shiro、Tamura Motohide、Kawabe Ryohei
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 923 Pages: 121

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac2bfd

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Anomalously porous boulders on (162173) Ryugu as primordial materials from its parent body2021

    • Author(s)
      Sakatani N.、Tanaka S.、Okada T. ... Yabuta H. ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: 5 Pages: 766~774

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-021-01371-7

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Spectral and Petrographic Properties of Inclusions in Carbonaceous Chondrites and Comparison with In Situ Images from Asteroid Ryugu2021

    • Author(s)
      Otto K. A.、Schroder S. E.、Scharf H. D.、Greshake A.、Schmitz N.、Trauthan F.、Pieth S.、Stephan K.、Ho T.-M.、Jaumann R.、Koncz A.、Michalik T.、Yabuta H.
    • Journal Title

      The Planetary Science Journal

      Volume: 2 Pages: 188

    • DOI

      10.3847/PSJ/ac034b

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Scientific Targets of Tanpopo: Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments at the Japanese Experiment Module Exposed Facility of the International Space Station2021

    • Author(s)
      Yamagishi Akihiko、Yokobori Shin-ichi、Kobayashi Kensei、Mita Hajime、Yabuta Hikaru、Tabata Makoto、Higashide Masumi、Yano Hajime
    • Journal Title

      Astrobiology

      Volume: 21 Pages: 1451~1460

    • DOI

      10.1089/ast.2020.2426

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Preliminary analysis of the Hayabusa2 samples returned from C-type asteroid Ryugu2021

    • Author(s)
      Yada Toru、Abe Masanao、Okada Tatsuaki ... Yabuta Hikaru ... et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: 6 Pages: 214~220

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-021-01550-6

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A new measurement method of isotopologue ratios in protoplanetary disks: a case study of the 12CO/13CO ratio in the TW Hya disk2022

    • Author(s)
      吉田 有宏、野村 英子、古家 健次、塚越 崇、Lee, Seokho
    • Organizer
      East Asian ALMA Science Workshop 2022
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Detection of HC18O+ in a protoplanetary disk: exploring oxygen isotope fractionation of CO2022

    • Author(s)
      Furuya Kenji、Tsukagoshi Takashi、Qi Chunhua、Nomura Hideko、Cleeves L. Ilsedore、Lee Seokho、Yoshida Tomohiro C.
    • Organizer
      East Asian ALMA Science Workshop 2022
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 原始惑星系円盤における分子ガス同位体比の新しい測定手法とその TW Hya 円盤の 12CO/13CO 比への応用2022

    • Author(s)
      吉田 有宏、野村 英子、古家 健次、塚越 崇、Lee, Seokho
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年春季年会
  • [Presentation] GREX-PLUSによる周惑星円盤の高分散分光観測2022

    • Author(s)
      野村 英子、胡 博超、Robin Dong、塚越 崇
    • Organizer
      GREX-PLUSサイエンス検討会FY2021
  • [Presentation] MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC MATTER IN C-TYPE ASTEROID RYUGU2022

    • Author(s)
      Yabuta, H.
    • Organizer
      The 53rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC)
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] ALMAによる原始惑星系円盤における一酸化炭素同位体組成の測定可能性2021

    • Author(s)
      吉田 有宏、野村 英子、古家 健次、塚越 崇
    • Organizer
      JpGU Meeting 2021
  • [Presentation] Modeling of Nitrogen Fractionation in the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya2021

    • Author(s)
      Seokho Lee、Hideko Nomura、Kenji Furuya、Jeong-Eun Lee
    • Organizer
      JpGU Meeting 2021
  • [Presentation] 周惑星円盤の赤外線・電波観測のモデル計算:衛星形成の条件2021

    • Author(s)
      胡 博超、野村 英子
    • Organizer
      JpGU Meeting 2021
  • [Presentation] Isotopic Ratios as Indicators of Physical and Chemical Properties of Protoplanetary Disks2021

    • Author(s)
      Hideko Nomura
    • Organizer
      Core 2 Disk 2
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Modeling of Nitrogen Fractionation in the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya2021

    • Author(s)
      Seokho Lee、Hideko Nomura、Kenji Furuya、Jeong-Eun Lee
    • Organizer
      The Isotopic Link from the Planet Forming Region to the Solar System
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 原始惑星系円盤における HC18O+ 輝線の検出2021

    • Author(s)
      古家 健次、塚越 崇、野村 英子、吉田 有宏、Lee, Seokho
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2021年秋季年会
  • [Presentation] 原始惑星系円盤における一酸化炭素同位体組成の測定可能性2021

    • Author(s)
      吉田 有宏、野村 英子、古家 健次、塚越 崇、Lee, Seokho
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2021年秋季年会
  • [Presentation] 原始惑星系円盤における一酸化炭素同位体組成の測定可能性2021

    • Author(s)
      吉田 有宏、野村 英子、古家 健次、塚越 崇、Lee, Seokho
    • Organizer
      日本惑星科学会2021年秋季講演会
  • [Presentation] Formation of Complex Organic Molecules through Ice Mantle Reactions2021

    • Author(s)
      Wei, C.-E., Nomura, H., Theule, P., Walsh, C.
    • Organizer
      Workshop on Intersteller Matter 2021
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A new measurement method of isotopologue ratios in protoplanetary disks: a case study of the 12CO/13CO ratio in the TW Hya disk2021

    • Author(s)
      吉田 有宏、野村 英子、古家 健次、塚越 崇、Lee, Seokho
    • Organizer
      Workshop on Intersteller Matter 2021
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Isotope chemistry in protoplanetary disks: From planet-forming regions to planetary systems2021

    • Author(s)
      Hideko Nomura
    • Organizer
      SKA SWG Credle of Life Webinar
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] An initial look at the distributions and compositions of organic macromolecules in the asteroid Ryugu samples2021

    • Author(s)
      Yabuta, H.
    • Organizer
      Hayabusa symposium
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] 地球生命誕生の謎2021

    • Author(s)
      M・ガルゴー 他 (著)、薮田ひかる (監訳)
    • Total Pages
      250
    • Publisher
      西村書店
    • ISBN
      978-4-86706-019-3

URL: 

Published: 2022-12-28  

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