2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Relationship between explosivity and driving force of eruption inferred from conduit geometry
| Project/Area Number |
19K04024
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 17040:Solid earth sciences-related
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology |
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Principal Investigator |
Geshi Nobuo 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 地質調査総合センター, 研究グループ長 (70356955)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 火山 / 噴火 / 火山爆発 / 噴火推移予測 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Explosive fissure eruptions on Sakurajima and Miyakejima volcanoes were investigated to estimate magma excess pressure in magma chamber and conduit. We collected samples along the stratigraphic sequence of the deposits and analyzed the depressurization microstructures to examine the magma decompression rate, eruption rate, and magma excess pressure. The temporal development process of magma excess pressure obtained at Sakurajima and other volcanoes was applied to fissure eruptions of larger caldera-forming eruptions to advance a comprehensive understanding of magma accumulation and magma pressure changes in the crater during explosive eruptions of various sizes.
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| Free Research Field |
火山学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
爆発的割れ目噴火の発生やその推移をコントロールするマグマの過剰圧変化を実際の噴火事例を用いて復元し、割れ目噴火の爆発性と火道中のマグマの過剰圧との関係を明らかにした．マグマ過剰圧は噴火直前の地盤変動などに直接反映するため、本研究の成果は噴火直前の地盤変動から発生が切迫する割れ目噴火の爆発性の予測に直結する．
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