Analysis of life strategies in between bacteria and fungi

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K05716
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 37020:Chemistry and chemical methodology of biomolecules-related
• Research Institution: Akita Prefectural University
• Principal Investigator: Shimura Yoichiro 秋田県立大学, 生物資源科学部, 准教授 (60332920)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 上松 仁 秋田工業高等専門学校, その他部局等, 嘱託教授 (20435407)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 抗カビ物質 / バチルス / トリコデルマ / リポペプチド

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The aim of this study was that understanding molecular mechanism of life strategies in between a bacterium with anti-fungal activity and fungi.
We found that cell-free culture medium of the Bacillus isolate shown growth inhibition activity for not only fungi but also bacteria and cancer cell. And the cell-free culture medium included some anti-fungal substances with ninhydrin reaction, these were estimated anti-fungal peptides. We purified two anti-fungal substances and then applied amino acid composition analysis after HCl-hydrolyzate. The results were estimated these were novel substances.
We also performed genome analysis of Bacillus isolate, the result showed that the isolate had about 4.1Mb of genome DNA.

Free Research Field

微生物学、酵素学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我々は樹皮からカビとそれに拮抗する細菌を単離し、細菌の示す生育阻止円辺縁部にカビ菌糸や胞子が集積することを観察した。この現象の解明は、天然における異種微生物間の生存戦略の解明や新規物質の開発研究に役立つと考え、まずは細菌の抗カビ物質同定を目指した。
細菌分離株は複数の抗カビ物質を生産しており、そのうち2つの抗カビ物質の精製に成功した。塩酸加水分解物のアミノ酸組成を調べたところ、新規物質であることが示唆された。また、ゲノム解析から複数の抗菌リポペプチド合成遺伝子が検索された。抗カビ物質の分子進化の理解や新規薬剤開発、環境負荷の少ない抗カビ剤開発に寄与するものと考えられる。