Construction of artificial symbiosis by newly isolated chemosynthetic sulfate-reducing bacteria

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K05783
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 38020:Applied microbiology-related
• Research Institution: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: Miyazaki Junichi 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 超先鋭研究開発部門(超先鋭研究開発プログラム), 副主任研究員 (50435848)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 水素酸化硫酸還元菌 / 異種細胞間電子伝達 / 深海熱水活動域

Outline of Final Research Achievements

I was previously isolated two hydrogen-oxidizing sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) from deep-sea hydrothermal vent site. And we found that these bacteria were taxonomically related to bacteria known as a partner of ANME consortium. Therefore we expected that various analyses of these bacteria led us to understand the directed electron transfer formed by ANMEs and SRBs. In this study, I clarified that SRB responded to environmental condition and controlled the multi energy metabolic systems. And it is suggested that SRB which had the potential to receive electrons directly from outside of the cell can survive by forming symbiotic interaction with other microbes.

Free Research Field

極限環境微生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究を実施することにより、生物機能を飛躍的に獲得し、地球上の生命の進化を考える上で極めて重要な生命現象である異種生物間の共生というスタイルへの理解を深められることが期待された。そして、この共生がどのようなトリガーで起こりうるかを、本研究において深海熱水活動域由来の水素酸化硫酸還元菌(SRB)4種のゲノム・特性解析を通して行い、特定の環境の変化にSRBが応答し、他微生物と電気的なエネルギーのやりとり(異種細胞間電子伝達)をすることで共生がはじまることが示唆された。