Performance and genetic diversity of saline resistance for the grain filling in rice and wheat

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K05995
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39020:Crop production science-related
• Research Institution: Shimane University
• Principal Investigator: Tohru Kobata 島根大学, その他部局等, 名誉教授 (60186723)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 平井 儀彦 岡山大学, 環境生命科学研究科, 教授 (80263622)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: イネ / コムギ / 塩害 / 耐塩性 / 登熟 / 穂培養法 / 塩集積

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The objective was to identify traits associated with salt resistances of the grain filling under salt stress in rice and wheat. Four rice cultivars with different salt tolerance were grown in soils with different NaCl concentrations (0-100 mM). The grain weight, total plant dry weight, and harvest index decreased with increasing soil salinity particularly in sensitive cultivars and the grain weight highly correlated with harvest index than total plant dry weight. In salt-tolerant cultivars, the salt concentration in the internodes hardly increased. In salt-tolerant rice, the grain filling rate of detached spikelet less decreased than in salt-sensitive cultivars under high salt cultural solution, and in wheat the rate showed a wide frequency distribution. It was concluded that the grain filling rate in salt-tolerant cultivars was maintained under high salt concentration (rice and wheat) and tended to reduce salt absorption from the soil (rice).

Free Research Field

作物生産学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

今後の人口増加や温暖化が進むの元での食料生産維持、拡大のためには塩害地、海水侵入地域への作物の作付けが必要である。主要作物であるイネとコムギは沿海部や乾燥地において塩害を受けており、子実生産で最も直接的影響を受ける登熟期における塩耐性の品種間差は十分明らかにされていない。従って、登熟過程に着目した本研究はこれらの登熟期の耐塩性を構成する要因とそれらが品種差に与える影響を明らかにしようとしており、今後の品種改良へ着目すべき形質を提言出来ることが期待できる。