Role of nitrogen metabolism on abnormally early senescence of wheat during grain filling

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K05997
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39020:Crop production science-related
• Research Institution: Yamaguchi University
• Principal Investigator: Araki Hideki 山口大学, 大学院創成科学研究科, 教授 (90346578)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: コムギ / 枯れ熟れ / 登熟不良 / 窒素代謝 / 過湿土壌ストレス / 窒素欠乏 / プロテアーゼ / 老化

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, in order to clarify the series of physiological processes that cause abnormally early senescence in wheat, we clarified the time of withering and changes in leaf blade nitrogen metabolism of wheat that withered prematurely under nitrogen-deficient conditions and under high groundwater level conditions. In the both stress conditions, leaf yellowing occurred around the 15th day after anthesis, and the protease activity of the leaves increased prior to that, but the soluble protein content of the leaves was further lowered before anthesis. The increase in nitrogen accumulation during ripening was low in wheat grown at high groundwater level, especially in the flag leaves. The abnormally early senescence of wheat was thought to be due to insufficient nitrogen supply to the leaves and spikes.

Free Research Field

作物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我が国の小麦生産において、登熟不良は多収化を妨げる要因となる。本研究の成果により、早枯れを起こす群落では、外観的な枯れ上がりの症状が分かる前から葉の中でタンパク質含有率が低下していることを明らかになった。また、葉への窒素蓄積にも少ないことを明らかにした。こうしたコムギの特徴は、窒素代謝に関連する遺伝子やその制御システムに関連していると考えられ、さらにこの点を明らかにすることによって、早枯れによる登熟不良が起きにくい多収型の小麦品種が作出できると考えられる。