Mechanism of ascorbic acid and amino acids high-accumulation in introgression lines of tomato

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K06012
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39030:Horticultural science-related
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: Kazuhisa Kato 東北大学, 農学研究科, 准教授 (30613517)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 金山 喜則 東北大学, 農学研究科, 教授 (10233868) ; 池田 裕樹 宇都宮大学, 農学部, 助教 (90782053)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: トマト / ビタミンC / アミノ酸 / 近縁野生種 / 染色体断片置換系統

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Useful components are reduced in tomato compared to wild tomato. In this study, introgression lines of tomato, in which part of the chromosome of a cultivated species was replaced with the chromosome of a wild species was used to understand the mechanism in high accumulation of useful components. L-ascorbic acid (L-AsA) is an abundant antioxidant in plants and plays an important role in detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during stress, and amino acids are the main components of tomato's umami and have health functionality. One IL line with high accumulation was screened, respectively. In the ascorbic acid high-accumulation line, comprehensive expression analysis of biosynthetic genes was performed to clarify a part of the ascorbic acid high-accumulation mechanism. Regarding the high amino acid accumulation line, the relationship between various amino acid contents and the expression of biosynthetic genes was investigated.

Free Research Field

園芸学分野

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

トマトは栽培品種化の過程で有用成分の低下が生じている。本研究成果より、ビタミンCおよびアミノ酸といった有用成分を高蓄積するメカニズムを明らかにすることで、交配により、機能性の高いトマトの育種可能となる。ビタミンCはトマトの含有率は高くないものの、消費量が最も多い野菜の一つであることから、日常的に多く食する。そのため、アスコルビン酸を多く含むトマトを作出すれば、健康増進への寄与が著しく高まり、園芸学の現代的課題の1つでもある医療費抑制への貢献が期待される。また、アミノ酸含量が高いトマトを作出すれば、味の向上とともに人の健康増進へも貢献できる。