2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Effects of rare sugars on cognitive function in the brain
| Project/Area Number |
19K07066
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 47030:Pharmaceutical hygiene and biochemistry-related
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| Research Institution | University of Shizuoka |
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Principal Investigator |
Minami Akira 静岡県立大学, 薬学部, 講師 (80438192)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | シアル酸 / シアリダーゼ / 認知症 / 老化 / 食品 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The non-human sialic acid molecular species (Neu5Gc) is not biosynthesized in mammalian brains. We analyzed the dynamics of Neu5Gc in rats and found that Neu5Gc is transferred from the periphery to the brain (Taguchi et al., 2015). The enzyme “sialidase” that removes sialic acid from sugar chains is essential for memory formation, but Neu5Gc competitively inhibits the function of sialidase. Therefore, it was inferred that Neu5Gc migrating to the brain affects cognitive functions. In this study, we examined the function of Neu5Gc in intellectual function and found that Neu5Gc plays an essential role in hippocampus-dependent memory and synaptic plasticity.
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| Free Research Field |
神経糖鎖生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
超高齢社会を迎えた本邦において、認知症の予防や改善策の構築は喫緊の課題である。近年のアミロイドを標的とした認知症治療薬の治験から、認知症対策には早期からの予防が効果的であることが分かってきた。本研究により、Neu5Gcはシナプス可塑性を減弱し、認知機能を低下させることが見出された。脳におけるNeu5Gcの蓄積を防止することにより、認知機能の改善に繋げることができると期待される。
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