Search for nutrients which suppress GIP secretion and investigation of its mechanism

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K09022
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 54040:Metabolism and endocrinology-related
• Research Institution: Kyoto University
• Principal Investigator: HARADA NORIO 京都大学, 医学研究科, 准教授 (50530169)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 消化管ホルモン / 高脂肪食 / 肥満 / インスリン抵抗性 / インクレチン

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) was identified as a nutrient that suppresses the secretion of intestinal hormone GIP and CCK, which are involved in the decomposition, absorption, and accumulation of fat. MCT suppressed GIP and CCK levels after long-chain fatty acid triglyceride (LCT) ingestion, but not suppress GLP-1 secretion which has an appetite-suppressing effect. The mechanism was that medium-chain fatty acids suppress long-chain fatty acid-induced GPR120 signaling. Ingestion of MCT suppressed the body weight and increased insulin sensitivity of obese mice in high-LCT diet (HFD)-fed obese wild-type mice. This effect was not observed in GIP-deficient mice. Therefore, MCT improves obesity and insulin resistance through suppression of GIP secretion via inhibition of GPR120 signaling under HFD feeding condition.

Free Research Field

代謝学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本邦では、高脂肪食を特徴とする食の欧米化を背景として、軽微な肥満であっても糖尿病を発症する患者が本邦で急増している。本研究から消化管ホルモン分泌制御を介した肥満・糖尿病治療のための新たな食品や創薬につながる可能性がある。