2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Towards Using NIRS to Assess the Cognitive Level of ALS Patients and Support their Communication

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19K10880
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 58060:Clinical nursing-related
Research Institution	Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences (2019, 2021-2023) Tokyo Health Care University (2020)
Principal Investigator	ITO Tomoko 大分県立看護科学大学, 看護学部, 非常勤講師 (30305841)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	松成裕子鹿児島大学, 医歯学域医学系, 教授 (00305848) 品川佳満大分県立看護科学大学, 看護学部, 准教授 (30347702) 松川寛二広島大学, 医系科学研究科(保), 名誉教授 (90165788)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	ALS筋萎縮性側索硬化症 / 認知レベル / TLS完全閉じ込め状態 / NIRS / BIS
Outline of Final Research Achievements	COVID-19 was widespread during the year I began my research. Research on ALS patients was difficult. However, the amount of hemoglobin in cerebral blood flow was measured by NIRS in 30 healthy young adults and 30 healthy old adults after the age of 60 years of age when ALS is most likely to occur. The subjects were pleasant to the smell of flowers and fruits, and unpleasant to the smell of socks and mold, but there was no significant difference between the young and old healthy subjects. One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in hemoglobin levels in the left brain. It is said that the left brain is related to intelligence such as language and calculation, while the right brain is related to the five senses such as sight, hearing, smell, and emotion. Future measurements should take into account the blood flow status of the frontal lobe in ALS patients.
Free Research Field	基礎看護学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	ALS患者の認知レベル評価にNIRSを用いて、脳血流の酸素化ヘモグロビン(oxy-Hb)を指標として課題実施時と休息時に計測し、その動態から認知レベルを評価することが意義の１つである。このNIRS評価を補完するものとしてBIS(Bispectral index:催眠レベル測定機器)を用いる。BISは意識や認知を反映する脳波成分のガンマ波に注目していることも特筆され、同時計測を行う。特にALS-TLS（完全閉じ込め状態）患者との意思疎通が可能かどうか、意思疎通を可能とするコミュニケーション支援はどのように提案できるかが２つめの意義であり、これらが本研究の学術的及び社会的意義である。