Association between the onset of urinary incontinence during pregnancy and its continuity into the postpartum period

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K11060
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 58070:Lifelong developmental nursing-related
• Research Institution: Saga University
• Principal Investigator: Satoh Tamami 佐賀大学, 医学部, 客員研究員 (50274600)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 野口 満 佐賀大学, 医学部, 教授 (00325648) ; 中野 理佳 佐賀大学, 医学部, 准教授 (80588707)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 妊娠 / 産後 / 下部尿路症状 / 尿失禁 / 縦断調査

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research was conducted to clarify the risk factors and the onset of urinary incontinence (UI) during pregnancy and at one-year postpartum. Pregnant mothers were followed between the 1st trimester of pregnancy and 12 months postpartum. Responses were obtained from 187 out of 258 participants.
Among participants who referred no UI prior to pregnancy (163), UI presented in 26% and 63% during the first and third trimester of pregnancy respectively. At 12 months postpartum, UI was related to the ICIQ-SF score, highest specificity (0.92) at 3 months postpartum and a cut-off value of 1.5/21. BMI, obstetric and neonatal factors had no significant correlation with UI. Twenty-six mothers with history of UI before pregnancy were followed through postpartum. The incidence of UI increased from 62% to 92% between the 1st and 3rd trimester, and from 42% to 54% in the postpartum. UI at 12 months postpartum was found to be correlated only to maternal age.

Free Research Field

助産学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

妊娠や出産を契機に発症する尿失禁は、産後3か月までに軽減しない場合、5年、10年と長期化し、加齢により悪化することが海外で報告されている。今回、日本人女性の妊娠第1期から産後12か月までの尿失禁の発症経過の詳細を明らかにすることができた。産後12か月の尿失禁を産後3か月のICIQ-SFスコアで予測できる可能性が示されたことで、乳児健診での母親に対する尿失禁スクリーニングや予防的介入の可能性が示された。