2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Longitudinal associations among physical fitness growth, cognitive development, and school performance in elementary school children.

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19K11592
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 59030:Physical education, and physical and health education-related
Research Institution	Hokkaido University of Education
Principal Investigator	MORITA Noriteru 北海道教育大学, 教育学部, 教授 (10382540)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	中島寿宏北海道教育大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (10611535) 石原暢神戸大学, 人間発達環境学研究科, 助教 (10801631) 紙上敬太中京大学, 教養教育研究院, 准教授 (20508254) 山本理人北海道教育大学, 教育学部, 教授 (80312429) 奥田知靖北海道教育大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (90531806)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	子ども / 実行機能 / 認知機能 / 体力 / 体格
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The relationship between physical fitness (PF), cognitive function (CF), and academic performance can be shown as "PF → CF → learning outcomes." However, it has not been clear which improvement in PF affects which CF, nor has it been clear how increases in PF and CF are related to learning outcomes. This study aimed to clarify the longitudinal relationships between PF increase, improvement in CF, and learning outcomes participating in more than 500 elementary school children for three years. Although the three-year follow-up data analysis has been still ongoing, the first-year cross-sectional data showed a significantly positive correlation between inhibitory function, one of CF subdomains, and agility, a PF component. On the other hand, there was no significant correlation between other PF components and CF, suggesting that agility may be a key PF component strongly related to CF in elementary school children.
Free Research Field	スポーツ科学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究課題は，小・中学生を3年間で延べ1,500名以上追跡調査し，その縦断データ分析から，発育・発達途上の小・中学生における体力と認知機能との関連性の因果関係に迫る質の高い知見が得られるものである．特に，本研究課題では，子どもの心理特性や家庭の社会経済状況の影響を統制した比較的大規模の調査であり，極めて貴重なデータとなる．この分析データから得られる知見は，学術分野としてのスポーツ科学や発育発達学領域だけに貢献するのでなく，子を持つ家庭の保護者や教師・学校，そしてEvidence-based policy makingによって教育政策を検討・立案する教育行政にとって有用な知見となる．