2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Conversation analysis of interactions in medical interviews between doctors and patients with different first language.
Project/Area Number |
19K13887
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Basic Section 08010:Sociology-related
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Research Institution | Kanda University of International Studies (2022) International University of Health and Welfare (2019-2021) |
Principal Investigator |
Kato Rintaro 神田外語大学, 留学生別科, 講師 (00803355)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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Keywords | 会話分析 / 医療面接 / 制度的場面 / 日本語非母語話者 / 外国人患者 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, we used conversation analysis to analyze the interactions between a doctor, a native Japanese speaker, and a simulated patient, a non-native Japanese speaker, in a simulated medical interview. This is because the number of non-native Japanese speakers receiving treatment at Japanese medical institutions is expected to increase further in the future, against the background of an increase in the number of foreign visitors and residents in Japan. We then examined how the participants dealt with the troubles they faced and carried out their interactions. As a result, we found that the participants applied the [non-native Chinese speaker - native Chinese speaker] category by referring to their language ability, rather than the [doctor - patient] category expected in medical interviews, and introduced Chinese characters, a common language resource, as a corrective resource when dealing with problems.
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Free Research Field |
日本語教育 会話分析
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
日本語話者と中国語話者の間で漢字が有益な言語的資源であることは以前から指摘されてきたが、それが実証的に明らかにされた例は管見の限り存在しなかった。また、このような言語的背景、特に非母語話者性に言及することで相互行為上のトラブルを解決する方法は、互いの母語が違うからこそ行われた行為であり、これまで阻害要因として語られることが多かった母語の違いが、相互行為上のトラブルを解決するためのリソースとしても用いられることが分かった。このことは、多様な背景を持つ患者への対応が求められる医療機関や、異国で診療・治療を受ける日本語非母語話者に新たな方略を示し、医療への適切なアクセスに寄与すると考える。
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