A basic study on the relationship between catalyst and concentration of toxic gases generated during fire

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K15269
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 25030:Disaster prevention engineering-related
• Research Institution: Building Research Institute
• Principal Investigator: ZHAO XUANSU 国立研究開発法人建築研究所, 防火研究グループ, 研究員 (90839143)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 一酸化炭素中毒 / 触媒 / 有害性ガス / 燃焼実験 / ガス成分分析 / FT-IR

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The toxic gases generated during fire diffuse faster than flame, and is the biggest risk factor for evacuees in the early stages of fire. Smoke exhaust systems and sprinklers are useful to reduce the diffusion of smoke gases, but difficult to use in small buildings and construction sites because they are huge and expensive. This study conducted fire experiments to investigate the effect of catalysts to reduce concentrations of toxic gases, and the relationship between catalyst amount and concentration of gases. FT-IR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) was used for analyzing the gas concentrations.

Free Research Field

火災安全工学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

火災室天井部の煙層に含まれる有害性ガスが降下するまでに化学反応させ、無害な物質にする手法を開発するために、基礎的な調査および実験を行い、一酸化炭素を主とした各種有害性ガスを除去できる可能性について確かめられた。今後散布量や散布方法について更なる検討を進めることで、スプリンクラーの設置が難しい既存住宅、工事現場、消防活動などの環境において、火災初期に生成する有害なガスの濃度を低下させられる技術の開発に繋がることが考えられる。