Potato tetrad male sterility elucidate from the interaction between nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes.

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K15813
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
• Principal Investigator: Sanetomo Rena 帯広畜産大学, 畜産学部, 准教授 (20716378)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 四分子型細胞質雄性不稔性 / バレイショ / ミトコンドリアゲノム

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To clarify the cytoplasmic type that causes the tetrad male sterility (T-CMS) of potatoes, 24 accessions of Solanum stoloniferum (sto) and cultivars were crossed, and 39 interspecific hybrids were obtained. As a result of observation of their pollen fertility, we found that hybrids derived from specific accession of sto showed T-CMS, and which has the 859-bp band. We named the cytoplasmic type with this band "TCSsto" and reported that this region may be associated with T-CMS (Sanetomo and Nashiki 2021). Next, as a result of compering the mitochondrial genome sequences of T-CMS type and normal type, we discovered a recombinant contig (RC-I) that appeared only in T-CMS type interspecific hybrids and their parents. Finally, we suggested that this recombinant mitochondrial molecule may cause T-CMS.

Free Research Field

遺伝育種学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

T-CMSを示す品種の増加により、正常な花粉を産出する系統が減少し、バレイショ育種において花粉親に使用できる系統の枯渇が危惧されてきた。本研究では、品種の中で問題になっているT-CMSがどのstoから引き起こされるのかを明らかにし、それらに特異的に存在するミトコンドリア分子および特異的遺伝子配列を同定した。これによって、T-CMSを示さない遺伝資源を利用し、交雑後代においても正常な花粉を産出する育成系統の作出が可能となり、雄性不稔性によるバレイショ育種の問題を解決する手段となった。