Analysis of cross-reactivity of dominant SIV-specific CD8+T cells associate with viral control in SIV infected Burmese rhesus macaque.

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K16679
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 49060:Virology-related
• Research Institution: National Institute of Infectious Diseases
• Principal Investigator: Nomura Takushi 国立感染症研究所, エイズ研究センター, 主任研究官 (80711001)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: SIV / HIV / CTL / 複製制御 / サルエイズモデル / 交差反応性 / 免疫ドミナンシー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We analyzed cross-reactivity of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells in MHC-I haplotype 90-120-Ia+ rhesus macaques controlled SIV. Long term SIV controllers were divided into two groups. Group N showed sustained viral control without accumulation of CTL escape mutations, and group M showed unstable viral control with accumulation of CTL escape mutations. Almost all animals in Group N showed cross-reactive SIV-specific CD8+ T cells post infection, whereas animals in Group M did not. We suggest that such CTL dominance may be responsible for the maintenance of sustained viral control in the Group N and the accumulation of escape mutations in Group M.

Free Research Field

感染病態学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では世界的に前例のないCTL依存的な長期SIV複製制御個体を用い、複製制御維持に必要なCTL反応の性質と、CTL依存的な複製制御下での低レベルのウイルス複製および変異選択の性質を部分的に解明した。これらは長期SIV複製制御維持にかかわるウイルス特異的CTL反応と体内ウイルス排除への新たな有用な知見であり、基礎研究として将来的なHIV感染症の制圧に寄与する成果である。