DNA Damage Induced by Radiation Exposure from Cardiac Catheterization

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K17533
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 53020:Cardiology-related
• Research Institution: Fukushima Medical University
• Principal Investigator: Hijioka Naoko 福島県立医科大学, 医学部, 助手 (40836037)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: DNA損傷 / 医療放射線被ばく

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ionized radiation from cardiac catheterization on genomic DNA integrity and inflammatory cytokines in patients and operators. Peripheral mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from patients and operators before and after coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention. In the patient MNCs, the numbers of γH2AX foci, a marker for DNA double-strand breaks, and dicentric chromosomes significantly increased after cardiac catheterization. The mRNA expressions of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, leukemia inhibitory factor, and caspase-1 were significantly increased by radiation exposure from cardiac catheterization. The increase in IL-1β was significantly correlated with that of γH2AX, but not with the dose area product. In the operators, neither γH2AX foci nor the DIC level was changed, but IL-1β mRNA was significantly increased. The protein expression of IκBα was significantly decreased in both groups.

Free Research Field

循環器内科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年の放射線診断技術の進歩にともない医療放射線被ばくの量も増加の一歩をたどっているが、低線量放射線被ばくの生物学的影響については不明の部分が多い。心臓カテーテル検査による放射線被ばくが、患者の末梢血単核球においてDNA損傷を増加させ、さらにNF-kappaBが活性化、炎症性サイトカインが誘導された。術者においてはDNA損傷の増加は認められなかったが、NF-kappaBの活性化とIL-1betaの増加が認められた。医療放射線被ばくの影響を評価する上で、放射線感受性の個人差を反映する生物学的線量測定の有用性が示唆された。患者、術者双方において被ばく線量の低減のためのさらなる努力が必要であろう。