Treatment strategy based on evaluation of treatment test for dysphagia in patients with dementia

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K18733
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 56050:Otorhinolaryngology-related
• Research Institution: Kochi University
• Principal Investigator: Asuka Nagao 高知大学, 教育研究部医療学系臨床医学部門, 助教 (30646021)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-02-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 嚥下障害 / 誤嚥性肺炎 / 認知症 / リアルワールドデータ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

From the inpatient medical records of Kochi University Hospital, we investigated the relationship between dementia and dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia using an electronic medical record database. From January 2007 to March 2019, 85,052 (47,297) medical records were extracted on condition that the name of the main disease at the time of admission was stated, the same patient was first admitted with the name of the main disease at the time of admission, and was 20 years of age or older, bottom.
There were 425 (0.5%) registered disease names related to cognitive decline, and 987 (1.2%) registered disease names for dysphagia, of which 17 had dementia. There were 309 cases (0.4%) of aspiration pneumonia, of which 10 cases had dementia. The crude odds ratio for dementia was 4.46 for new disease names for dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia.

Free Research Field

嚥下障害

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

日本は高齢化社会を迎えており、それに伴い認知症高齢者も増加している。高度認知症患者の6割以上が重度の摂食嚥下障害を呈しているともいわれている。今回、認知症患者における嚥下障害の実態および誤嚥性肺炎の発生状況を調査した。
本研究は単一施設における観察研究ではあるが、12年に渡る85,000件を超える診療録から、嚥下障害および誤嚥性肺炎と、認知症との関連を検討した。嚥下障害および誤嚥性肺炎の新規病名登録について、認知症ありの粗オッズ比は4.46であった。ほか、耳鼻咽喉科で嚥下内視鏡検査を実施されていた症例については高度嚥下障害のスコアを呈したものはなく、環境調整や食形態で対応可能なことが示唆された。