2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Verification of olfactory system neuron regeneration by odor stimulation, elucidation of molecular mechanism and application to dementia treatment
| Project/Area Number |
19K18822
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 56050:Otorhinolaryngology-related
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| Research Institution | Kanazawa Medical University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 嗅覚障害 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We developed an odor stimulator that incorporates the preference properties of mice for light and dark spaces and observed avoidance behavior. After creating a model of olfactory epithelial damage by intraperitoneal administration of methimazole, behavioral experiments were conducted to observe the improvement of olfactory perception by administering four types of odor stimuli for 14 days. Since there was no significant difference in olfactory aversive behavior between the presence and absence of odor stimuli, we tried the intranasal transplantation study of subcutaneous fat-derived stem cells. After 14 days of transplantation, accelerated recovery of olfactory aversive behavior and an increase in mature olfactory cells in the olfactory epithelium were observed in the adipose-derived stem cell transplant group. The cell-conditioned supernatant of the adipose-derived stem cells used in this study showed an increase in the concentration of nerve growth factor.
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| Free Research Field |
耳鼻咽喉科
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
嗅覚と認知機能の関連が過去にも指摘されていることから、嗅覚機能維持・向上によって認知機能低下防止を図るべく嗅覚障害治療の治療方法を検討した。人への嗅覚刺激療法と同等のにおい刺激では明らかな嗅覚障害改善を確認できず、嗅覚刺激療法の効果を高める治療法として、脂肪由来幹細胞投与を挙げた。嗅上皮傷害モデル動物での脂肪由来幹細胞の経静脈投与による嗅上皮再生促進が報告されてきたが、経静脈投与で懸念される侵襲・血栓形成リスクを払拭すべく経鼻投与を試行し、脂肪由来幹細胞の経鼻投与が嗅覚障害治療の選択肢となりうる可能性が示唆された。
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