Bone formation around dental implants using inter-organ network by bone-glucose metabolism crosstalk

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K19099
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 57050:Prosthodontics-related
• Research Institution: Kyushu Dental College
• Principal Investigator: Tsuka Shintaro 九州歯科大学, 歯学部, 特別研修員 (20759386)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 骨代謝 / 糖代謝 / MRONJ / 骨粗鬆症

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Although the possibility of jaw bone necrosis in patients taking BP cannot be ruled out in dental treatment involving surgery, it has become clear that there is the close relationship between bone metabolism and glucose metabolism. In this study, surgical treatment was performed on MRONJ model rats administered with glucose metabolism-related drugs, and the effect on jaw bone healing was investigated. As a result, early healing of the jaw bone after tooth extraction was observed on CT in the glucose metabolism-related drug-administered group, and a significant decrease in necrotic bone was also observed on the tissue specimen. The number of osteoclasts, which is predominant in osteoporosis patients, also tended to decrease in the administration group. From the above, it was suggested that the improvement of glucose metabolism contributes to the healing of the jaw bone, which may reduce the risk of developing MRONJ.

Free Research Field

歯学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

BP製剤とは異なる作用機序により骨吸収を抑制する薬剤でも，同頻度でMRONJが発症するとの報告がある．BP製剤自体の問題でなく，それらが持つ骨吸収抑制作用に起因すると推測される．顎骨壊死の詳細な機序については，未だ明らかにされていないが，本研究で糖代謝の関連性が判明すれば，MRONJの病態解析，そして新規骨吸収阻害剤創薬が可能となる．今まで外科的歯科治療介入が困難であった患者に対しても適切な治療を行えることができるようになる．患者のQOL向上にインプラント治療に限らず，骨粗鬆症，糖尿病がもたらす歯科治療への弊害を軽減することが期待できる．