2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Empirical Political Science Research on the Issue of Compatibility and Contradiction between Science and Indigenous Knowledge in the Arctic Island of Greenland
| Project/Area Number |
19K20514
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 80010:Area studies-related
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| Research Institution | Hokkai-Gakuen University (2021-2023)
Hokkaido University (2019-2020) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 異種混淆性 / 表象 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The purpose of this study was to, by using biological resources such as whales as a study case, explore solutions for the conflict between scientific and indigenous knowledge and their harmonization in Greenlandic Eskimo/Inuit society. Starting from the intersection point of scientific and indigenous knowledge and going back to the 18th century, when Greenland was incorporated into Denmark's social integration policy, we examined the substantive process of its reception. This intersection is defined by three elements: autonomy, conservation, and the denial of coevalness. We conclude that Greenland may have let go of its adherence to customs based on indigenous knowledge. This might be due to the fact that it maintained a balance between different knowledge systems, as different from the Eskimo societies in Alaska and Canada, which have the same genetic roots as Greenland's Eskimo/Inuit.
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| Free Research Field |
地域研究
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
科学知と在来知の結節を、エスキモーと非エスキモーの歴史を事例に、フィールドワークと先行研究との往還を通じて、記述的に更新したこと。グリーンランドでは、18世紀の植民地化以降、在来知に基づく慣習等への制約を最小化する施策が講じられた。結果、一方ではアラスカやカナダのエスキモー社会とは異なり、在来知と科学知の均衡性が保たれてきたことを指摘した。しかし他方では、民族誌等に記述される在来知的実践が、その後喪失の可能性が指摘できるにもかかわらず、直線的にその後の当地の人間の諸実践と紐づけられる民族誌的現在の問題も可視化した。両者の対照性は、先住民（社会）に対するイメージと実態への理解を促すものである。
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