2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Development of oncolytic virus therapy with a third-generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 for human sarcoma
Project/Area Number |
19K21290
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Project/Area Number (Other) |
18H06185 (2018)
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund (2019) Single-year Grants (2018) |
Review Section |
0901:Oncology and related fields
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Research Institution | Kyorin University |
Principal Investigator |
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Project Period (FY) |
2018-08-24 – 2021-03-31
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Keywords | 肉腫 / がん治療用ウイルス / ヘルペスウイルス / PDX / ウイルス療法 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Oncolytic virus therapy is a promising new option for cancer treatment. G47Δ, a third-generation oncolytic HSV-1, has been demonstrated to have high safety and antitumor efficacy in clinical trials against various cancers. Sarcomas are rare intractable mesenchymal tumors, given their chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-resistance. Since oncolytic virus therapy is efficacious for any solid tumors, it can be a promising treatment strategy for sarcomas. However, few studies have evaluated oncolytic virus therapy in sarcomas, partly because the availability of sarcoma specimens is limited due to their rarity. To clear this hurdle, we used the patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of sarcomas which were established at National Cancer Center Research Institute. T-01, an experimental strain of G47Δ, was tested on multiple sarcoma PDXs, and was shown to have high anti-tumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Oncolytic virus therapy might become a useful treatment means for sarcomas in the future.
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Free Research Field |
臨床腫瘍学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
肉腫は一般に抗がん剤や放射線に対する感受性が低く難治であることから、新規治療開発が急務である。ウイルス療法は固形がんであればがん種を選ばないため肉腫に対しても有効性が期待できるが、肉腫はその希少性から検体が得難く非臨床研究が困難であった。本研究は、国立がん研究センターで患者由来の組織から樹立している肉腫PDXを用いることで、この問題をクリアした。本研究で用いたT-01は現在臨床化目前のがん治療用ヘルペスウイルスG47Δの実験用strainであり、本研究結果を踏まえて今後臨床試験でヒトに対するウイルス療法の有効性が示されれば、肉腫の治療体系にブレイクスルーがもたらされることが期待される。
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