2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of anaplastic thyroid cancer formation and development of novel treatment strategy
| Project/Area Number |
19K21352
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| Project/Area Number (Other) |
18H06260 (2018)
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund (2019)
Single-year Grants (2018) |
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| Review Section |
0906:Surgery related to the biological and sensory functions and related fields
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| Research Institution | Gifu University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-08-24 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 甲状腺未分化がん / 多能性関連遺伝子 / 脱分化 / 未分化転化 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, we investigated the significance of dedifferentiation for the development of anaplastic thyroid cancer, which is highly malignant and clinically important. By examining the expression of pluripotent genes, we hypothesized that the mechanism of undifferentiated conversion and high malignancy could be elucidated, leading to new treatments. By analyzing the expression status of pluripotent genes in clinical samples (pathological tissues) of undifferentiated thyroid cancer, and the gene expression status of undifferentiated thyroid cancer with modifying the data of public microarrays, we showed that the highly malignant region was coincided with high expression of pluripotency-related genes. These results support the hypothesis of undifferentiated conversion associated with pluripotent genes expression. In the future, blocking pluripotency-related networks may lead to new treatments for anaplastic thyroid cancer.
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| Free Research Field |
頭頸部がん
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では悪性度が高く臨床的な重要度も高い甲状腺未分化がんの発生メカニズムを臨床組織サンプルを用いて検討した。甲状腺未分化がんの病理組織において、ES/iPS細胞で高発現している未分化性を保つ遺伝子（多能性関連遺伝子）の発現状況を検討したところ、多能性関連遺伝子の強発現が未分化転化を促進していると考えられる結果であった。今後、多能性関連ネットワークを阻害する薬剤（たとえばiPS 細胞の形成を阻害すると報告されている薬剤など）が、甲状腺未分化がんの新たな治療に繋がる可能性がある。
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