宇宙進化を決定づける赤外線銀河のガス・ダストと星形成メカニズムの解明

2020 Fiscal Year Research-status Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K23462
• Research Institution: Hiroshima University
• Principal Investigator: 稲見 華恵 広島大学, 宇宙科学センター, 助教 (20841943)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-08-30 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 銀河進化 / 銀河形成 / 星形成 / 銀河ガス

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

前年度に引き続き、当初の研究計画通りに、ALMA望遠鏡を使用したハッブル・ウルトラ・ディープ・フィールドの深宇宙サーベイ観測の大型プロジェクト ASPECS (The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field) を中心に研究課題を進展させた。
この研究により、星の原材料となる分子ガスや宇宙塵を今まで大量に持つとは予想されていなかった銀河でも、ガスや宇宙塵の存在を多数の銀河で特定した。星形成率密度が最も高く、宇宙最盛期とも言える宇宙誕生から約40億年たった頃の星形成銀河は、平均して分子ガス質量の方が星質量よりも多く構成されていたことが分かった。本研究により、遠方銀河の星形成の性質や起源とその進化をかつてより精度良く調査することを可能にした。
更には、星質量も星形成率も比較的小さな銀河での分子ガスも調べるため、ALMA望遠鏡のデータを重ね合わせるという、データの観測限界に迫る手法を用いた調査も行った。この手法では、可視光線での3次元データをもとにALMA望遠鏡では直接観測できなった銀河のデータを足し合わせることで、質量が小さい暗い銀河での微弱な分子ガスを検出することができた。この結果から、天の川銀河の1/10程度の小さいな銀河では、星が多く誕生してもその原材料であるガスはそれほど減らないことが分かり、つまり、宇宙を構成する平均的な銀河は大質量銀河とは異なる生成過程をもつ可能性を示唆する結果を得ることが出来た。この結果は研究代表者が筆頭著者の査読つき論文として国際論文誌にて掲載され、また、国際的なプレスリリース、研究代表者の所属大学からのプレスリリース、国立天文台のオンラインニュースに掲載された。また、これらのリリースがきっかけとなり、科学新聞および中国新聞からの取材があり記事が掲載された。

Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

当初の研究計画通りにおおむね順調に研究課題を進展させることが出来ている。成果も無事に査読つき国際論文誌に掲載され、結果もプレスリリースやニュースにより報道された。
ただし、２０２０年度末に危惧した通り、新型コロナウイルス感染症の拡大により、2021年度も出張を伴う共同研究がキャンセルとなり、またオンライン開催とならなかった国際会議が延期またはキャンセルとなり、他の研究者との研究交流や意見交換に少し滞りが見られる。
しかし、共同研究者とのオンラインでの繋がりが少しずつ強固になりつつあり、また、2020年には中止されたALMA望遠鏡の観測プロポーザル公募は2021年には再開され、徐々に遅れを取り戻している。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

新型コロナウイルス感染症による影響を最小限にできるよう、引き続き共同研究者との連携を強化させ、本研究課題の成果を生み出す。また、ALMA望遠鏡の観測プロポーザル公募が再開されたことに伴い、フォローアップの観測提案をし、例えば、より高空間分解で宇宙最盛期で銀河がもつガスと塵の分布を調査し、星形成の成因などの謎に迫る。

Causes of Carryover

新型コロナウイルス感染症拡大に伴い、当初に予定していた国内外への共同研究出張および学会への参加がキャンセルまたはオンライン開催となった為に、次年度使用額が生じた。2021年度もオンラインによる研究打ち合わせが継続する見込みであり、数テラバイトにおよぶ観測データをスムーズにやり取りする為にもデータサーバ等といった計算機およびその周辺機器の整備をする。また、本研究課題により得られた成果を国際的に発表するためにも、オンラインの国際会議へも積極的に参加し、参加費用等として本助成金を使用する。

Remarks

中国新聞記事 https://www.chugoku-np.co.jp/local/news/article.php?comment_id=702317&comment_sub_id=0&category_id=112

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Max Planck Institute for Astronomie/Max-Planck-Institut for Radioastronomie(ドイツ)
  • Country Name: GERMANY
  • Counterpart Institution: Max Planck Institute for Astronomie/Max-Planck-Institut for Radioastronomie
• [Int'l Joint Research] CRAL/IRAP(フランス)
  • Country Name: FRANCE
  • Counterpart Institution: CRAL/IRAP
• [Int'l Joint Research] Leiden University(オランダ)
  • Country Name: NETHERLANDS
  • Counterpart Institution: Leiden University
• [Journal Article] Regulating Star Formation in Nearby Dusty Galaxies: Low Photoelectric Efficiencies in the Most Compact Systems (2021)
  • Author(s): McKinney, Armus, Pope, Diaz-Santos, Charmandaris, Inami, Song, and Evans
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 908 Pages: 238
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abd6f2
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] FIR-luminous [C II] Emitters in the ALMA-SCUBA-2 COSMOS Survey (AS2COSMOS): The Nature of Submillimeter Galaxies in a 10 Comoving Megaparsec-scale Structure at z~4.6 (2021)
  • Author(s): Mitsuhashi, Matsuda, Smail, Hayatsu, Simpson, Swinbank, Umehata, Dudzeviciute, Birkin, Ikarashi, Chen, Tadaki, Yajima, Harikane, Inami, Chapman, Hatsukade, Iono, Bunker, Ao, Saito, Ueda, and Sakamoto
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 907 Pages: 122
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abcc72
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mid-infrared spectrometer and camera for the Origins Space Telescope (2021)
  • Author(s): Sakon, Roellig, Ennico-Smith, Matsuo, Ikeda, Yamamuro, Enya, Wada, Kawada, Takahashi, Sarugaku, Fujishiro, Murakami, Nishikawa, Kotani, Goda, Ido, Itoh, Tsuboi, Sumi, Kamiura, Manome, Iida, Yanagibashi, Greene, Helvensteijn, Hofland, Johnson, Kashani, Quigley, McMurray, Inami, Burgarella, & the OST Team
  • Journal Title: Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems Volume: 7 Pages: 011013
  • DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.7.1.011013
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Investigating the Effect of Galaxy Interactions on the Enhancement of Active Galactic Nuclei at 0.5 < z < 3.0 (2020)
  • Author(s): Shah, Kartaltepe, Magagnoli, Cox, Wetherell, Vanderhoof, Calabro, Chartab, Conselice, Croton, Donley, de Groot, de la Vega, Hathi, Ilbert, Inami, Kocevski, Koekemoer, Lemaux, Mantha, Marchesi, Martig, Masters, McGrath, McIntosh, Moreno, Nayyeri, Pampliega, Salvato, Snyder, Straughn, Treister, and Weston
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 904 Pages: 107
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abbf59
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] GOODS-ALMA: Using IRAC and VLA to probe fainter millimeter galaxies (2020)
  • Author(s): Franco, Elbaz, Zhou, Magnelli, Schreiber, Ciesla, Dickinson, Nagar, Magdis, Alexander, Bethermin, Demarco, Daddi, Wang, Mullaney, Inami, Shu, Bournaud, Chary, Coogan, Ferguson, Finkelstein, Giavalisco, Gomez-Guijarro, Iono, Juneau, Lagache, Lin, Motohara, Okumura, Pannella, Papovich, Pope, Rujopakarn, Silverman, & Xiao
  • Journal Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume: 643 Pages: A53
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038310
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star formation in z = 2-3 massive galaxies (2020)
  • Author(s): Franco, Elbaz, Zhou, Magnelli, Schreiber, Ciesla, Dickinson, Nagar, Magdis, Alexander, Bethermin, Demarco, Daddi, Wang, Mullaney, Sargent, Inami, Shu, Bournaud, Chary, Coogan, Ferguson, Finkelstein, Giavalisco, Gomez-Guijarro, Iono, Juneau, Lagache, Lin, Motohara, Okumura, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume: 643 Pages: A30
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038312
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Constraining the Molecular Content at log(M*/Msun) ~ 9.5 with CO Stacking of MUSE-detected z ~ 1.5 Galaxies (2020)
  • Author(s): Inami, Decarli, Walter, Weiss, Carilli, Aravena, Boogaard, Gonzalez-Lopez, Popping, da Cunha, Bacon, Bauer, Contini, Cortes, Cox, Daddi, Diaz-Santos, Kaasinen, Riechers, Wagg, van der Werf, and Wisotzki
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 902 Pages: 113
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abba2f
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey Large Program: The Infrared Excess of z = 1.5-10 UV-selected Galaxies and the Implied High-redshift Star Formation History (2020)
  • Author(s): Bouwens, Gonzalez-Lopez, Aravena, Decarli, Novak, Stefanon, Walter, Boogaard, Carilli, Dudzeviciute, Smail, Daddi, da Cunha, Ivison, Nanayakkara, Cortes, Cox, Inami, Oesch, Popping, Riechers, van der Werf, Weiss, Fudamoto, and Wagg
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 902 Pages: 112
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb830
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Evolution of the Baryons Associated with Galaxies Averaged over Cosmic Time and Space (2020)
  • Author(s): Walter, Carilli, Neeleman, Decarli, Popping, Somerville, Aravena, Bertoldi, Boogaard, Cox, da Cunha, Magnelli, Obreschkow, Riechers, Rix, Smail, Weiss, Assef, Bauer, Bouwens, Contini, Cortes, Daddi, Diaz-Santos, Gonzalez-Lopez, Hennawi, Hodge, Inami, Ivison, Oesch, Sargent, van der Werf, Wagg, and Yung
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 902 Pages: 111
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb82e
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Multiband Constraints on Line-luminosity Functions and the Cosmic Density of Molecular Gas (2020)
  • Author(s): Decarli, Aravena, Boogaard, Carilli, Gonzalez-Lopez, Walter, Cortes, Cox, da Cunha, Daddi, Diaz-Santos, Hodge, Inami, Neeleman, Novak, Oesch, Popping, Riechers, Smail, Uzgil, van der Werf, Wagg, and Weiss
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 902 Pages: 110
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abaa3b
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: CO Excitation and Atomic Carbon in Star-forming Galaxies at z = 1-3 (2020)
  • Author(s): Boogaard, van der Werf, Weiss, Popping, Decarli, Walter, Aravena, Bouwens, Riechers, Gonzalez-Lopez, Smail, Carilli, Kaasinen, Daddi, Cox, Diaz-Santos, Inami, Cortes, and Wagg
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 902 Pages: 109
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb82f
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] GOODS-ALMA: Optically dark ALMA galaxies shed light on a cluster in formation at z = 3.5 (2020)
  • Author(s): Zhou, Elbaz, Franco, Magnelli, Schreiber, Wang, Ciesla, Daddi, Dickinson, Nagar, Magdis, Alexander, Bethermin, Demarco, Mullaney, Bournaud, Ferguson, Finkelstein, Giavalisco, Inami, Iono, Juneau, Lagache, Messias, Motohara, Okumura, Pannella, Papovich, Pope, Rujopakarn, Shi, Shu, and Silverman
  • Journal Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume: 642 Pages: A155
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038059
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: The Nature of the Faintest Dusty Star-forming Galaxies (2020)
  • Author(s): Aravena, Boogaard, Gonzalez-Lopez, Decarli, Walter, Carilli, Smail, Weiss, Assef, Bauer, Bouwens, Cortes, Cox, da Cunha, Daddi, Diaz-Santos, Inami, Ivison, Novak, Popping, Riechers, van der Werf, and Wagg
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 901 Pages: 79
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab99a2
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey. XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lya emitters at z > 3 (2020)
  • Author(s): Feltre, Maseda, Bacon, Pradeep, Leclercq, Kusakabe, Wisotzki, Hashimoto, Schmidt, Blaizot, Brinchmann, Boogaard, Cantalupo, Carton, Inami, Kollatschny, Marino, Matthee, Nanayakkara, Richard, Schaye, Tresse, Urrutia, Verhamme, and Weilbacher
  • Journal Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume: 641 Pages: A118
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038133
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Comparison of the Stellar, CO, and Dust-continuum Emission from Three Star-forming HUDF Galaxies at z ~ 2 (2020)
  • Author(s): Kaasinen, Walter, Novak, Neeleman, Smail, Boogaard, Cunha, Weiss, Liu, Decarli, Popping, Diaz-Santos, Cortes, Aravena, Werf, Riechers, Inami, Hodge, Rix, and Cox
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 899 Pages: 37
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aba438
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Compton-thick nucleus in the dual active galactic nuclei of Mrk 266 (2020)
  • Author(s): Iwasawa, Ricci, Privon, Torres-Alba, Inami, Charmandaris, Evans, Mazzarella, and Diaz-Santos
  • Journal Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume: 640 Pages: A95
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038513
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] VLA-ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (VLASPECS): Total Cold Gas Masses and CO Line Ratios for z = 2-3 Main-sequence Galaxies (2020)
  • Author(s): Riechers, Boogaard, Decarli, Gonzalez-Lopez, Smail, Walter, Aravena, Carilli, Cortes, Cox, Diaz-Santos, Hodge, Inami, Ivison, Kaasinen, Wagg, Weiss, and van der Werf
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 896 Pages: L21
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab9595
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey. XIV. Evolution of the Lya emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6 (2020)
  • Author(s): Kusakabe, Blaizot, Garel, Verhamme, Bacon, Richard, Hashimoto, Inami, Conseil, Guiderdoni, Drake, Christian Herenz, Schaye, Oesch, Matthee, Anna Marino, Borello Schmidt, Pello, Maseda, Leclercq, Kerutt, and Mahler
  • Journal Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume: 638 Pages: A12
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201937340
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-alpha emitters (2020)
  • Author(s): Maseda, Bacon, Lam, Matthee, Brinchmann, Schaye, Labbe, Schmidt, Boogaard, Bouwens, Cantalupo, Franx, Hashimoto, Inami, Kusakabe, Mahler, Nanayakkara, Richard, and Wisotzki
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 493 Pages: 5120-5130
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa622
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] ALMA Imaging of the CO (7-6) Line Emission in the Submillimeter Galaxy LESS 073 at z = 4.755 (2020)
  • Author(s): Zhao, Lu, Diaz-Santos, Gao, Xu, Charmandaris, Inami, Rigopoulou, Sanders, Huang, and Wang
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 892 Pages: 145
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab75eb
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Beyond the Visible (2021)
  • Author(s): Hanae Inami
  • Organizer: HIRAKU-Global International Symposium "Breaking Borders: The World is Limitless"
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] How can we continue building this community, especially for early-career researchers? (2020)
  • Author(s): Chairs: Nancy Levenson, Chris Packham, Panelists: Hanae Inami, Lindsay Fuller, Ryan Lau, Abigail Frost, Yanna Martins-Franco
  • Organizer: Ground-based thermal infrared astronomy -- past, present and future
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Remarks] 【研究成果】宇宙最盛期を支える銀河の原材料～約100億年前の銀河たちがもつ分子ガス～
  • URL: https://www.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/news/60261
• [Remarks] 宇宙最盛期を支える銀河の原材料 ～約100億年前の銀河たちが持つ分子ガス
  • URL: https://alma-telescope.jp/news/aspecs-202009