2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Exploration into Biotic Interactions which Drive the Water-land Linkage in Amazonian Flooded Forests

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19KK0189
Research Category	Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research (B))
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 45:Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
Research Institution	Kyoto University
Principal Investigator	Yumoto Takakazu 京都大学, 霊長類研究所, 教授 (70192804)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	佐藤駿総合研究大学院大学, 先導科学研究科, 日本学術振興会特別研究員(PD) (30845821) 幸島司郎京都大学, 野生動物研究センター, 名誉教授 (60183802) 山中裕樹龍谷大学, 先端理工学部, 准教授 (60455227) 村松大輔奈良教育大学, 自然環境教育センター, 特任准教授 (80635417)
Project Period (FY)	2019-10-07 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	アマゾン川 / 浸水林 / 水域ー陸域インターフェイス / 生物間相互作用 / 熱帯雨林 / 環境DNA / カワスズメ科魚類 / 霊長類
Outline of Final Research Achievements	COVID-19 disaster prevented any travel to the study site in Brazil. However, the previous accumulation and laboratory studies have revealed the following. We analyzed the results of a study of body temperature and heart rate by attaching data loggers to pale-throat sloth. Although body temperature varied with air temperature, heart rate was about 1/3 of the value expected from body weight, suggesting that body temperature was maintained while energy consumption was extremely low. We also experimentally investigated the nutrient cycle between parents and juveniles in the mucous membrane feeding behavior of Blue Discus. Stable isotope analyses of parental mucosa, plankton, and fry were conducted to confirm the trophic cycle pathway of discus mucosa feeding behavior and to quantify the degree of dependence of fry on mucosa. We also conducted a series of experiments to estimate biomass as well as fish species composition based on environmental DNA in the water.
Free Research Field	生態学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	アマゾン川流域は、生物多様性の宝庫であると同時に大きな炭素貯蔵量で地球環境に大きな影響を与えている。他の熱帯雨林と比較して、アマゾンに特徴的なのは低水位期と高水位期の水位の差であり、高水位期には水域から生物あるいは非生物が陸域に流入することで、陸域の高い生産性を保っている。この特異的な生態系における生物間相互関係を理解することは、当該地域の生物多様性を保全し、大きな炭素貯蔵量を維持することに直結する。