2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Establishment of basis for evaluation of airborne microbiological safety to human health through the integrated analyses of air contamination and microbiome in Chile

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19KK0263
Research Category	Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research (B))
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 63:Environmental analyses and evaluation and related fields
Research Institution	University of Toyama
Principal Investigator	Tanaka Daisuke 富山大学, 学術研究部理学系, 教授 (40360804)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	酒徳昭宏富山大学, 学術研究部理学系, 講師 (20713142) 藤吉奏広島大学, 学術・社会連携室, 助教 (20805808) 丸山史人広島大学, 学術・社会連携室, 教授 (30423122) 能田淳酪農学園大学, 獣医学群, 教授 (70551670)
Project Period (FY)	2019-10-07 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	チリ / バイオエアロゾル / モニタリング / 細菌 / 真核生物 / メタゲノム解析 / 大気汚染物質
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The purpose of this study was to understand airborne microorganisms in Chile and their relationship to air pollution. We analyzed the bacterial community structure of air samples collected at Temuco in 2021. Protobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria were dominant, and the community structure tended to change with seasons. In the eukaryotic community structure, fungi (phylum Basidiomycota, Ascomycota), plants (phylum Streptophyta), and protists (phylum Apicomplexa) were dominant, and seasonal changes were also observed. Meanwhile, 24 bacterial strains were isolated from outdoor air samples in Temuco using the culture methods. They were mainly belonged to the genera Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, and Psychrobacter. Regarding UV resistance of these strains, Arthrobacter and Psychrobacter showed higher resistance than Pseudomonas. There was no significant difference in drought tolerance among these three genera.
Free Research Field	環境微生物学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究での成果は、大気汚染が重要な問題となっている南米チリの大気微生物に関する基礎データとなり、今後長期に渡り当該国でのバイオエアロゾル研究や公衆衛生に貢献することが期待できる。