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2010 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

熱帯準二年振動が中高緯度の大気場・化学場の年々変動に及ぼす影響

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20340129
Research InstitutionJapan, Meteorological Research Institute

Principal Investigator

柴田 清孝  気象庁気象研究所, 環境・応用気象研究部, 室長 (50354494)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 黒田 友二  気象庁気象研究所, 気候研究部, 主任研究官 (80343888)
山崎 孝治  北海道大学, 地球環境科学研究院, 教授 (70270791)
Keywords赤道準二年振動 / 化学-気候モデル / 将来予測実験 / 過去再現実験 / 火山性エーロゾル / 太陽11年周期 / オゾン層破壊物質 / Holton-Tan関係
Research Abstract

1980-2004年の過去再現アンサンブル実験(5メンバー)をQBOの位相と惑星波の伝搬(EP-flux)や北半球の極渦の強度の関係を調べた。冬季の3か月間において、熱帯下部成層圏では西風偏差(QBOの定義域)のとき、成層圏中高緯度には西風が正偏差の領域があり(極夜ジェットが強い)、Holton-Tanの関係があることを示している。このとき、40N,100hPa付近の領域で、QBO西風の方がEP-fluxは下向き、極向きになっており、QBOに由来する下部成層圏の東西風が惑星波の伝搬をコントロールしているわけではないことを示している。同様のことはERA-40等の客観解析データでも解析された。
2009年1月に北極域で大規模な成層圏突然昇温が起こり、同時に熱帯成層圏で気温の下降が起こった。また、熱帯対流圏界面層(TTL)の下部(100-150hPa)においても気温の低下が観測された。この熱帯域の気温低下について、再解析データを用いて、TEM方程式系による熱力学的および力学的解析を行って、気温低下の原因を調べた。熱帯成層圏の70hPaより上層では、熱帯成層圏で上昇流が強まったことによる鉛直移流で説明でき、鉛直流はオメガ方程式の力学的解析から北半球成層圏における波強制によるものである。一方、TTLの下部の気温低下は主に上昇流により引き起こされ、副次的に鉛直渦熱フラックスの収束(w'T'の収束)も作用していることがわかった。この上昇流は成層圏の波強制によるものではなく、北半球亜熱帯対流圏上部~TTLの領域の波強制によるものである。さらに、この波は北半球高緯度、アラスカ付近に源をもち、アラスカの波は成層圏へと伝播して突然昇温を起こしたものである。つまり、波の源はほぼ同じ領域であり、そこから成層圏と赤道方向へ伝播して、それぞれ低緯度で上昇流を引き起こし、気温低下をもたらした。

  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All 2011 2010

All Journal Article (16 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 16 results) Presentation (13 results)

  • [Journal Article] Tropical cooling in the case of stratospheric sudden warming in January 2009 : focus on the tropical tropopause layer2011

    • Author(s)
      Yoshida, K.
    • Journal Title

      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion

      Volume: 11 Pages: 2263-2296

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Multi-model assessment of the factors driving stratospheric ozone evolution over the 21st century2010

    • Author(s)
      Oman, L.D.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115D24306

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Multi-Model Assessment of the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere : Extra-tropics2010

    • Author(s)
      Hegglin, M.I.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115,D00M09

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The decline and recovery of total column ozone using a multi-model time series analysis2010

    • Author(s)
      Austin, J.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115,D00M10

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Evidence for Changes in Stratospheric Transport and Mixing Over the Past Three Decades Based on Multiple Datasets and Tropical Leaky Pipe Analysis2010

    • Author(s)
      Ray, E.A.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115,D21304

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The Impact of stratospheric ozone on southern hemisphere circulation change : A multimodel assessment2010

    • Author(s)
      Son, S.-W.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115,D00M07

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Chemistry-climate model simulations of spring Antarctic ozone2010

    • Author(s)
      Austin, J.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115,D00M11

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Quantifying uncertainty in projections of stratospheric ozone over the 21st century2010

    • Author(s)
      Charlton-Perez, A.J.
    • Journal Title

      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

      Volume: 10 Pages: 9473-9486

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Multi-model assessment of stratospheric ozone return dates and ozone recovery in CCMVal-2 models2010

    • Author(s)
      Eyring, V.
    • Journal Title

      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

      Volume: 10 Pages: 9451-9472

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Multi-model assessment of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere : Tropics and global trends2010

    • Author(s)
      Gettelman, A.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115,D00M08

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Influence of the solar cycle and QBO modulation on the Southern Annular Mode2010

    • Author(s)
      Kuroda, Y.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters

      Volume: 37L12703

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Anthropogenic forcing of the Northern Annular Mode in CCMVal-models2010

    • Author(s)
      Morgenstern, O.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115D00M03

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Review of the formulation of present generation stratospheric chemistry-climate models and associated external forcings2010

    • Author(s)
      Morgenstern, O.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115,D00M02

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Chemistry-climate model simulations of 21st century stratospheric climate and circulation changes2010

    • Author(s)
      Butchart, N.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Climate

      Volume: 23 Pages: 5349-5374

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation influence on the northern winter extratropical circulation2010

    • Author(s)
      Naoe, H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research

      Volume: 115D19102

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Chemistry climate models and scenarios2010

    • Author(s)
      Morgenstern, O.
    • Journal Title

      Chapter 2 in SPARC CCMVal Report on the Evaluation of Chemistry-Climate Models(V.Eyring, T.G.Shepherd, D.W.Waugh (Eds.))

      Volume: WCRP-132WMO/TD-No.1526 Pages: 17-70

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Gravity wave drag effects on the future quasi-biennial oscillation in the tropical stratosphere under greenhouse gas increase up to year 2100 : Simulations with a chemistry-climate model2011

    • Author(s)
      Shibata, K.
    • Organizer
      AGU Chapman Conference on Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Their Effects on General Circulation and Climate
    • Place of Presentation
      ホノルル
    • Year and Date
      2011-03-02
  • [Presentation] Tropical cooling in the case of stratospheric sudden warming in January 2009 : focus on the tropical tropopause layer2010

    • Author(s)
      Yoshida, K.
    • Organizer
      AGU fall meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      サンフランシスコ
    • Year and Date
      2010-12-15
  • [Presentation] Projection of future behavior of the quasi-biennial oscillation in the tropical stratosphere under the greenhouse gas increase2010

    • Author(s)
      Shibata,K.
    • Organizer
      SPARC DynVar Workshop
    • Place of Presentation
      ボルダー
    • Year and Date
      2010-11-04
  • [Presentation] Effects of the greenhouse gas increase to the quasi-biennial oscillation in the tropical stratosphere up to year 2100 as simulated with the chemistry-climate model of Meteorological Research Institute2010

    • Author(s)
      Shibata, K.
    • Organizer
      10^<th> EMS Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      チューリッヒ
    • Year and Date
      2010-09-14
  • [Presentation] Effects of Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on the Northern Winter Extratropical Circulation2010

    • Author(s)
      Shibata, K.
    • Organizer
      38th COSPAR Scientific Assembly 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      ブレーメン
    • Year and Date
      2010-07-22
  • [Presentation] Effect of sea surface temperature on the solar signal in the stratosphere and troposphere as revealed by chemistry-climate model simulations from 1960 to 20062010

    • Author(s)
      Shibata, K.
    • Organizer
      SCOSTEP Symposium 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      ベルリン
    • Year and Date
      2010-07-15
  • [Presentation] Influence of the solar cycle and QBO modulation on the Southern Annular Mode2010

    • Author(s)
      Kuroda, Y.
    • Organizer
      SCOSTEP Symposium 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      Berlin
    • Year and Date
      2010-07-14
  • [Presentation] Projection of the Ozone Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in the Tropical Stratosphere up to Year 2100 as Simulated with the Chemistry-Climate Model of Meteorological Research Institute2010

    • Author(s)
      Shibata, K.
    • Organizer
      12th Symposium of CACGP and 11th Science Conference of IGAC Project
    • Place of Presentation
      ハリファックス
    • Year and Date
      2010-07-13
  • [Presentation] 化学-気候モデルを使った太陽変動の地球大気への影響評価について2010

    • Author(s)
      柴田清孝
    • Organizer
      CAWSES-IIキックオフシンポジウム
    • Place of Presentation
      京都
    • Year and Date
      2010-06-15
  • [Presentation] Global Ozone Signals Associated with Extreme NAM Events in the 1980-2004 Simulation of the MRI CCM2010

    • Author(s)
      Shibata, K.
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2010年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      幕張
    • Year and Date
      2010-05-27
  • [Presentation] 熱帯QBOが冬季中高緯度循環に与える影響2010

    • Author(s)
      直江寛明
    • Organizer
      日本気象学会2010年春季大会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Year and Date
      2010-05-26
  • [Presentation] 2009年1月の成層圏突然昇温期における熱帯対流圏界層の気温変動要因2010

    • Author(s)
      吉田康平
    • Organizer
      日本気象学会2010年度春季大会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Year and Date
      2010-05-24
  • [Presentation] 21世紀予測実験に基づいた成層圏における子午面循環の長期変動解析(第二報)2010

    • Author(s)
      出牛真
    • Organizer
      日本気象学会2010年春季大会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Year and Date
      2010-05-24

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Published: 2013-06-26  

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