Searvay of genes involved in trait differences between silkworm and mulberry by chromosome packaging

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20H03000
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39050:Insect science-related
• Research Institution: Kyushu University
• Principal Investigator: Yuaka Banno 九州大学, 農学研究院, 教授 (50192711)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 金児 雄 弘前大学, 農学生命科学部, 准教授 (90633610)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: カイコ / クワコ / 染色体置換 / 形質 / 比較生物学 / 家畜化 / 養蚕

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Comparative investigations at the level of visible traits were conducted at the egg, larval, pupal (cocoon), and adult developmental stages using the bred consomic lines (a group of chromosome package lines). In the egg stage, genes related to fertilization rate and embryo development were identified, and in the larval stage, chromosomes belonging to genes involved in body color, individual size, and development were identified. Genes related to the suppression of the color of the cocoon were also newly identified. A candidate chromosome for the gene involved in cocoon weight, which is thought to be important in the domestication process, was also suggested. The adult silkworms, including their wings, are black, whereas the silkworms are white, and a gene on chromosome 23 was suggested to be involved in this difference.

Free Research Field

蚕糸学・遺伝学・生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

カイコの家畜化の謎を解明するリソースの構築とその妥当性を検証する為に本研究を計画した。長年、カイコは野生のクワコを緩やかに長い時間をかけて育種されてきたと説明されるに留まっている。先端的な機器を駆使した2種比較解析からも得られた回答は少なかった。本研究では、クワコのゲノムを染色体ごとにカイコゲノム内にパッケージングした（細分化）系統の育成を行った。可視レベルの調査でも２種を区別する遺伝子の存在する染色体を知ることが示された。クワコからカイコへの家畜化の謎解明という大きな課題の解決に貢献するバイオリソースの構築ができたと考える。