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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Early genomic aberrations in esophageal carcinogenesis: Comprehensive genomic analysis of multiple lugol voiding lesions

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20H03660
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 53010:Gastroenterology-related
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Yokoyama Akira  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助教 (20515514)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 玉置 将司  京都大学, 医学研究科, 特定助教 (00796948)
小川 誠司  京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (60292900)
垣内 伸之  京都大学, 白眉センター, 特定准教授 (90839721)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords食道がん / 飲酒 / 喫煙 / ヨード不染 / がんの起源
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In "Solitary sampling", a total of 123 esophageal lugol-voiding lesion (LVL) and 30 stained areas were analyzed for whole exome sequencing. Driver mutations were present in 97% of the LVL-nondysplasia(n=69), with TP53 mutations being the most frequently clonally selected, followed by NOTCH1 and FAT1. In "high-density sampling", a total of 113 sites were multi-sampling at 0.2 mm^2 from 20 LVLs for whole exome sequencing, and in all 20 sites, Driver mutation clones expanded consistent with the spread of LVL, TP53 mutations were common mutations, with the exception of 2 LVLs that did not show any TP53 mutations in nondysplasias.

Free Research Field

ゲノム研究

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

食道がんの主たる組織型である食道扁平上皮がんは、過度の飲酒、喫煙が発がんリスクとなる。過度の飲酒・喫煙例では、ヨード色素内視鏡で、多数のヨード不染色帯を呈し、このような症例では5年間の経過観察で累積食道がん発生率が約50%と極めて高い異時性多発がんの発症が報告されている。本研究では、小さなヨード不染域を内視鏡下に狙撃生検して、直径0.5mmのパンチで精密にサンプリングすることで、がんの起源となる無数のヨード不染1つ1つが、食道がんに関連する遺伝子変異の拡がりで構成されており、特に、腫瘍性変化を生じる前の非腫瘍の段階で既に、食道がんに必至な変化であるTP53変異を65%に認めることを解明した。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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