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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Mendelian randomization analyses on the effects of coffee drinking on liver function tests, diabetes and cancer incidence

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20H03943
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 58030:Hygiene and public health-related: excluding laboratory approach
Research InstitutionSaga University

Principal Investigator

Tanaka Keitaro  佐賀大学, 医学部, 教授 (50217022)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 原 めぐみ  佐賀大学, 医学部, 准教授 (90336115)
西田 裕一郎  佐賀大学, 医学部, 講師 (50530185)
島ノ江 千里  佐賀大学, 医学部, 教授 (10734064)
Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywordsコーヒー / 肝機能検査 / 糖尿病 / がん / メンデルランダム化
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We conducted both observational studies and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses on the beneficial effects of coffee drinking on liver function tests, diabetes and cancer incidence, by using data of a cohort study of around 12 thousand residents in Saga city. In cross-sectional studies on coffee and liver functions tests (AST, ALT, and gamma-GTP), both observational and MR analyses showed statistically significant inverse associations, suggesting possible ameliorative cusal effects of coffee drinking on those markers. Meanwhile, longitudinal studies on coffee and diabetes, as well as cohort studies on coffee and the incidence of cancer (all sites, liver, breast, large intestine, uterus, and prostate), revealed no significant associations. As for the effects of coffee on diabetes and cancer, larger MR analyses are required.

Free Research Field

疫学、予防医学、公衆衛生学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の学術的意義としては、観察研究においてコーヒー飲用と肝機能検査値低下の関連が極めて一貫しているにもかかわらず、コーヒー飲用が肝機能検査値低下を引き起こしたのか、肝機能検査値上昇がコーヒー飲用を減少させたのか(いわゆる「因果の逆転」)を区別できないという問題と喫煙などによる残余交絡の問題が解決されていないのに対して、MR解析という一定の解決策を講じた結果を呈示できた点にある。社会的意義としては、MR解析の結果として、コーヒー飲用が肝機能検査値を改善させる可能性が高まった事により、肝機能検査値改善のために、より積極的な意味でコーヒー飲用を勧奨できる様になった点が挙げられる。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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