2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

The disruption of gene body epigenome and development of metabolic diseases induced by dietary habits during development and adulthood

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20H04103
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
Research Institution	University of Yamanashi
Principal Investigator	Mochizuki Kazuki 山梨大学, 大学院総合研究部, 教授 (80423838)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	今井千裕山梨大学, 大学院総合研究部, 准教授 (50778842) 佐藤憲子日本女子大学, 家政学部, 教授 (70280956) 針谷夏代山梨学院大学, 健康栄養学部, 准教授 (80732784) 合田敏尚静岡県立大学, 食品栄養科学部, 教授 (70195923) 本間一江静岡県立大学, 食品栄養科学部, 客員共同研究員 (80724765)
Project Period (FY)	2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	Gene bodyエピゲノム / 発達期低栄養 / 出生後の過栄養 / 中鎖脂肪 / 難消化性炭水化物
Outline of Final Research Achievements	We have demonstrated in this study that embryonic malnutritions such as protein restriction, protein-choline restriction, carbohydrate restriction, culture with malnutrition medium during early embryogenesis, and early weaning, and postnatal intake of high-fat diet are associated with expressional disturbance of metabolic genes, intestinal barrier genes, and inflammation. In addition, we have demonstrated that the gene body epigenome is involved in disturbing expression of those genes, and that food factors, which can modify the gene body epigenome, such as barley, fructo-oligosaccharides, medium-chain triglycerides, normalized their gene expression and suppressed the onset of metabolic diseases. In addition, we have demonstrated that the mRNA/protein and epigenetics of inflammation-related genes, which can reflect the disruption of the gene body epigenome, could be used as biomarkers for the disruption of the gene body epigenome.
Free Research Field	栄養学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	学術的意義は、発育期・成人期の食習慣の撹乱による代謝性疾患の発症にはGene bodyエピゲノムが関与することを明らかにしたことである。社会的意義は、本研究の成果により、発育期・成人期の食習慣の撹乱のリスクを国民に啓蒙できること、gene bodyの撹乱を抑制しうる食品や医薬品の開発を促進できるところである。さらに、gene bodyの撹乱を反映する血中バイオマーカーの研究をさらに進めることで、代謝性疾患の発症進展リスクを判断できるようになる可能性があることである。