Dynamic macroeconomic analysis of innovation in developed countries and technology transfer to developing countries

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K01561
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 07010:Economic theory-related
• Research Institution: Osaka University
• Principal Investigator: Iwaisako Tatsuro 大阪大学, 大学院経済学研究科, 教授 (40351316)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 経済成長 / R&D / 知的財産権保護 / 特許期間 / 技術移転 / 海外直接投資 / 関税 / 特許範囲

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The present research project examines effects of tariff, patent protection, and R&D subsidies in an R&D-based growth model.
In particular, we examine the following two issues. (1) We examine how import tariffs by a developed country (the North) and a developing country (the South) affect innovation and foreign direct investment (FDI). (2) We examine the optimal mix of R&D subsidies and patent protection in a growth model with heterogeneous industries.
We obtain the following results. (1)A Northern import tariff impedes innovation and FDI. This may worsen Northern welfare. By contrast, a Southern import tariff promotes innovation and FDI. This can improve Southern welfare. (2) R&D subsidies should be set higher (lower) in industries with a higher (lower) contribution of R&D to productivity, whereas patent breadth should be set such that markups are uniform across all industries. Moreover, the uniform constraint on R&D subsidies involves significant growth and welfare losses.

Free Research Field

マクロ経済学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

(1) 直接投資も含めてあらゆる効果を内生化した経済成長モデルで先進国と途上国の輸入関税が経済活動や経済厚生にどのような影響があるか分析する必要性はあったが、従来の研究では分析されてこなかった。本研究ではこれらを解析的に分析し、各国の関税の経済活動・厚生への影響を明らかにすることができた。

(2) R&Dは経済成長の重要な源泉なので各産業のR&D補助金と特許保護をどのようにすべきかは重要だが、従来の研究では産業間の差異を考慮していなかった。本研究では様々な特性が異なる産業で構成される経済成長モデルを構築し、解析的に最適な各産業のR&D補助金率と特許保護度合いを求めることができた。