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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

A Study of the Effects of Electoral Reform on Campaign Pledges

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K01714
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 07050:Public economics and labor economics-related
Research InstitutionChuo University

Principal Investigator

Eguchi Kyota  中央大学, 商学部, 教授 (50302675)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords選挙制度改革 / 小選挙区 / 中選挙区 / 衆議院 / 参議院 / 政党 / 選挙公報
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using campaign bulletins from 1983 to 2014, I examined the effects of the 1994 electoral reform in Japan's House of Representatives. I measured the size of candidates' own names and party labels, and focused on these changes before and after the reform using difference-in-differences (DD) estimation. The results showed that compared to the House of Councillors, after the reform, candidates for the House of Representatives displayed their own names in smaller sizes but their party labels in larger sizes, consistent with standard theoretical predictions. However, when comparing LDP and non-LDP candidates, I found that LDP candidates showed their names in larger sizes but their party labels in smaller sizes than non-LDP candidates. This suggests that LDP candidates engage in relatively more candidate-oriented campaigning and political activities than candidates from other parties.

Free Research Field

政治経済学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

衆議院で小選挙区制が導入され、日本の政治は大きく変容し、政党執行部の主導性を強めたと言われているが、定量的な分析によって根拠づけられたものではなく、小選挙区制へ移行してかなりの時間がたつものの、定量的な分析は未だ不十分である。本研究の意義は、「選挙公報」の掲載内容の変化に注目してデータベースを作成し、先行研究に比べてち密な計量分析を行うことによって、全体としては理論が想定するように政党主導が進んでいるものの、自民党ではむしろ従来型が根強く残っていることを示し、日本の政治は変化しているものの、長年政権を担ってきた自民党の変化は緩やかなことを示したことにある。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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