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2023 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

Elucidating neutrino oscillations and mass hierarchy in supernova nucleosynthesis

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20K03958
Research InstitutionNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Principal Investigator

梶野 敏貴  国立天文台, 科学研究部, 特別客員研究員 (20169444)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords元素合成 / 銀河化学進化 / 超新星 / ニュートリノ振動
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

太陽系に存在する重元素は、γ過程(p過程)、s過程、r過程、ν過程、νp過程と呼ばれる複数の元素合成過程に起源を持つ原子核からできていると解釈される。これらのうち、原子核の安定線から陽子過剰側に位置してアイソトープ比が異常に大きいp核元素と呼ばれるモリブデン(Mo)とルテニウム(Ru)の起源は解明されていなかった。本研究により、極超新星爆発のジェット中で起きるνp過程で定量的に説明できることを明らかにした。また、νp過程は、トリプルα反応で作られる炭素12のホイル共鳴状態が高密度下で起きる核子との相互作用による脱励起反応で著しく阻害されると考えられてきたが、ニュートリノ振動を考慮することにより、高い物質放出率を持つ極超新星の爆発的元素合成ではこの困難が起きないことを示した。
r過程の起源天体に関しては、太陽系組成の約90%が、コラプサーと呼ばれブラックホールを残す爆発天体とMHDジェットと呼ばれ中性子星を残す磁気回転駆動型の超新星で作られ、残る10%が宇宙進化上ごく最近になって中性子星連星系合体で作られるとの結論を得た。この結果を銀河化学進化に応用し、初期宇宙から太陽系形成期に至るまで、コラプサーとMHDジェット型超新星からの寄与が支配的であることを明らかにした。さらに、コラプサーでの爆発的r過程に続いて、超ウラン元素の核分裂から生じる多量の中性子による二次的な核反応によってi過程およびs過程が起き、質量数が150近傍の一連の希元素の組成パターンに強い偶奇性が現れることを見出した。
これらの研究成果を複数の論文として国際ジャーナル誌に発表した。さらに、これらの理論的研究に基づいて、不安定原子核反応の実験的研究および天体観測による理論予測の検証を目指す理論・実験・観測を横断する共同研究プロジェクトを提案した。

  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All 2024 2023 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (5 results) Journal Article (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Peer Reviewed: 7 results,  Open Access: 7 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Invited: 6 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Beihang University/China Academy of Science/National Astronomical Observatory(中国)

    • Country Name
      CHINA
    • Counterpart Institution
      Beihang University/China Academy of Science/National Astronomical Observatory
    • # of Other Institutions
      3
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Max Planck Institute/GSI(ドイツ)

    • Country Name
      GERMANY
    • Counterpart Institution
      Max Planck Institute/GSI
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Catania(イタリア)

    • Country Name
      ITALY
    • Counterpart Institution
      University of Catania
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Soongsil University/Institute of Basic Science/Pusan University(韓国)

    • Country Name
      KOREA (REP. OF KOREA)
    • Counterpart Institution
      Soongsil University/Institute of Basic Science/Pusan University
    • # of Other Institutions
      2
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Michigan State University/University of Notre Dame/Wisconsin University(米国)

    • Country Name
      U.S.A.
    • Counterpart Institution
      Michigan State University/University of Notre Dame/Wisconsin University
    • # of Other Institutions
      2
  • [Journal Article] Effects of Hoyle state de-excitation on νp?process nucleosynthesis and Galactic chemical evolution2024

    • Author(s)
      Sasaki Hirokazu、Yamazaki Yuta、Kajino Toshitaka、Mathews Grant J.
    • Journal Title

      Physics Letters B

      Volume: 851 Pages: 138581~138581

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138581

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Magnetic effect on the potential barrier for nucleosynthesis2024

    • Author(s)
      Park Kiwan、Luo Yudong、Kajino Toshitaka
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review D

      Volume: 109 Pages: 103002-1~13

    • DOI

      10.1103/PhysRevD.109.103002

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Possibility of secondary i-, and s-processes following r-process in the collapsar jet2024

    • Author(s)
      Zhenyu He, Toshitaka Kajino, Motohiko Kusakabe, Shan-Gui Zhou, Hiroyuki Koura, and Satoshi Chiba, Haining Li, and Yangming Lin
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: in press Pages: (7 pages)

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] EUSO-SPB1 mission and science2024

    • Author(s)
      Abdellaoui G. et al., with Kajino, T.
    • Journal Title

      Astroparticle Physics

      Volume: 154 Pages: 102891~102891

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102891

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] GalCEM. I. An Open-source Detailed Isotopic Chemical Evolution Code2023

    • Author(s)
      Gjergo Eda、Sorokin Aleksei G.、Ruth Anthony、Spitoni Emanuele、Matteucci Francesca、Fan Xilong、Liang Jinning、Limongi Marco、Yamazaki Yuta、Kusakabe Motohiko、Kajino Toshitaka
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 264 Pages: 44~44

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/aca7c7

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Underground laboratory JUNA shedding light on stellar nucleosynthesis2023

    • Author(s)
      Kajino Toshitaka
    • Journal Title

      Nuclear Science and Techniques

      Volume: 34 Pages: 42-1~42-3

    • DOI

      10.1007/s41365-023-01196-1

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Photon vortex generation by synchrotron radiation experiments in relativistic quantum approach2023

    • Author(s)
      Maruyama Tomoyuki、Hayakawa Takehito、Hajima Ryoichi、Kajino Toshitaka、Cheoun Myung-Ki
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Research

      Volume: 5 Pages: 043289-1~11

    • DOI

      10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043289

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Deexcitation reactions of Hoyle state in 12C and CEX reactions for production of p-nuclei in Hypernova/Collapsar nucleosynthesis2024

    • Author(s)
      Toshitaka Kajino
    • Organizer
      International Workshop on “Nuclear Astrophjysics of Stable Beams (NAPS2024)”
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Coexistence of Nucleosynthesis Products From r-, i-, and s-processes in the Collapsar Jet2024

    • Author(s)
      Toshitaka Kajino
    • Organizer
      International Workshop on “Nuclear Astrophjysics of Stable Beams (NAPS2024)”
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Origin of Heavy r- and p-process Elements in Cosmic Evolution and HIAF Science2024

    • Author(s)
      Toshitaka Kajino
    • Organizer
      International Workshop on “Nuclear Physics related to HIAF”
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Constraining the Supernova Nucleosynthesis from Neutrino Mass Hierarchy2024

    • Author(s)
      Toshitaka Kajino
    • Organizer
      The 4th CCAST Workshop on the JUNO related theory and phenomenology: Astrophysical Neutrinos
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Cosmo-Nuclear Physics: Interdisciplinary Science through International Cooperation2023

    • Author(s)
      Toshitaka Kajino
    • Organizer
      International Innovation Forum of Science; Frontiers of Physical Fundamentals in the Era of "Big Science"-Big Science Devices and International Cooperation and Innovation
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Nuclear Physics Theories to calculate Nuclear Properties important for Astrophysics: Cosmo-Nuclear Physics, an Interdisciplinary Science through International Cooperation2023

    • Author(s)
      Toshitaka Kajino
    • Organizer
      International School of the 17th International Symposium on “Nuclei in the Cosmos NIC-XVII”
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Impact of Hoyle State in 12C on Hypernova neutrino-p-process and Galactic Chemical Evolution2023

    • Author(s)
      Toshitaka Kajino
    • Organizer
      The 17th International Symposium on “Nuclei in the Cosmos NIC-XVII”
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] Handbook of Nuclear Physics2023

    • Author(s)
      Isao Tanihata, Hiroshi Toki, Toshitaka Kajino
    • Total Pages
      4207
    • Publisher
      Springer Nature

URL: 

Published: 2024-12-25  

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