Analysis on ovary abscission caused by seed abortion in interspecific and interploidy crosses in plants

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K05988
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: Osaka Metropolitan University (2022-2023); Osaka Prefecture University (2020-2021)
• Principal Investigator: Tezuka Takahiro 大阪公立大学, 大学院農学研究科, 講師 (20508808)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 雑種種子発育不全 / 子房落下 / 生殖隔離 / 種間交雑育種 / 倍数性 / タバコ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Reproductive isolation observed in interspecific hybridization of plants is an obstacle to wide hybridization breeding. To develop techniques to overcome it, it is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying reproductive isolation. In this study, I analyzed hybrid seed abortion and ovary abscission, which are reproductive isolation observed in interspecific hybridization of tobacco. Through experiments inhibiting pistil abortion with auxin treatment, I revealed that seed abortion triggers ovary abscission. Furthermore, several genes were suggested to be involved in these phenomena and many genes with differential expression levels were identified.

Free Research Field

植物育種学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

遠縁交雑育種は、遺伝子組換えやゲノム編集を行わずに、野生種等から栽培種に有用形質を導入できる育種法である。しかし、遠縁の植物種間では、種の独立性を維持するための機構である生殖隔離がしばしば認められ、遠縁交雑によるF1雑種作出やその後代の育成が困難あるいは不可能であることが多く、育種上の問題となっている。本研究では、生殖隔離である雑種種子発育不全および子房落下を解析し、これらの生殖隔離の関係性を明らかにするとともに、関与する遺伝子を明らかにした。