Effective control of light condition for production of a crude drug 'Hange', a dried tuber of Pinellia ternate, and elucidation of its genetic variation grown in Japan naturally

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K06322
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 41040:Agricultural environmental engineering and agricultural information engineering-related
• Research Institution: Kyushu University
• Principal Investigator: Eguchi Toshihiko 九州大学, 実験生物環境制御センター, 准教授 (40213540)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 田中 宏幸 山陽小野田市立山口東京理科大学, 薬学部, 教授 (30253470) ; 尾崎 行生 九州大学, 農学研究院, 教授 (60253514)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 光環境制御 / 薬用植物 / 生産性 / 遺伝的変異

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we aimed to examine the optimal conditions for Pinellia ternata Breit. (‘Karasu-bishaku’ in Japanese) cultivation which is the raw material plant of the crude drug “Hange'', and to investigate the genetic background of the plants naturally grown in Japan for efficient breeding.
Corm growth was promoted under blue light, and the content of the effective ingredients (araban) in corm increased under green light. In addition, it was suggested that there are 6- to 9-ploids in the Japanese native plants. Furthermore, we confirmed that the Japanese native plants have mutations in the chloroplast DNA, the mutations which were not found in the Chinese and Korean native strains.

Free Research Field

生物環境調節学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

生薬「半夏（ハンゲ）」の原料植物カラスビシャクは日本国内全域に自生しているにもかかわらず，半夏の供給は全て中国からの輸入に頼っており，将来，供給量の減少や価格高騰により国内需要への対応が困難となると予想される．そこで，我々はカラスビシャクの栽培植物化・国内生産を目指した研究に着手し，本研究では，カラスビシャク球茎（ハンゲ原料）の肥大・品質に及ぼす栽培時の光環境について調査し，球茎肥大は青色光下で促進され，球茎の有用成分（アラバン）含量は緑色光下で高まることを明らかにした．また，本種の育種（優良系統のかけあわせ）において重要となる倍数性の変異を調査し，６倍体から９倍体が存在することが示唆された．