2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Illuminating the distribution of multiple mushroom species by numerous eyes.
| Project/Area Number |
20K06805
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 45030:Biodiversity and systematics-related
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| Research Institution | National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
Hosaka Kentaro 独立行政法人国立科学博物館, 植物研究部, 研究主幹 (10509417)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
糟谷 大河 慶應義塾大学, 経済学部(日吉), 准教授 (90712513)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 菌類 / きのこ / 分布 / 境界 / 市民科学 / 環境DNA / DNAバーコーディング |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Species-specific primers for Trichoderma cornu-damae (Podostroma cornu-damae) and a few species of the genus Suillus were designed and successfully used to detect their presence in soil without surveying their fruit bodies. For some mushroom-forming fungi, such as Chlorophyllum molybdites, Entoloma virescens, Boninogaster phalloides and Trichoderma cornu-damae, the genome-wide SNPs were analyzed using the MIG-seq method. The results indicated some patterns that cannot solely be explained by human-mediated introduction of these species in some areas. In addition, for Trichoderma cornu-damae, a potential cryptic species has been detected. For some species of the family Albatrellaceae, some new lineages (potentially new species) were detected based on phylogenetic analyses using nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Observation records of fruit bodies of some species, including Trichoderma cornu-damae, were successfully gathered using the social network services.
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| Free Research Field |
菌類学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
きのこ類のように肉眼で確認できる時期が限られ、かつ種の同定が難しいグループについては、限られた人数・期間で分布域を特定することは困難である。本研究ではSNSを通じて日本全国に幅広く情報提供を呼び掛けた結果、約2年間に渡りカエンタケの全国的な発生状況を把握することができた。そのデータには誤同定と思われるものは限定的であり、きのこの分布把握に市民科学的手法が活用できることが実証されたと言える。本プロジェクト期間中に得られた標本からはほぼ全てDNAバーコード領域の塩基配列を確定しており、今後さらに対象種のDNAを環境中から検出する際に広く活用することができる。
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