2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Effects of climate change on tidalflat ecosystems focusing on a host snail-parasitic trematodes system
| Project/Area Number |
20K06819
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 45040:Ecology and environment-related
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| Research Institution | National Institute for Environmental Studies |
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Principal Investigator |
Kanaya Gen 国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所, 地域環境保全領域, 主幹研究員 (50400437)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
伊藤 萌 東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 特任研究員 (20772817)
中井 静子 日本大学, 生物資源科学部, 講師 (40582317)
三浦 収 高知大学, 教育研究部総合科学系複合領域科学部門, 准教授 (60610962)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 寄生 / 干潟 / 気候変動 / 緯度間比較 / 巻き貝 / 二生吸虫 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We identified eight trematode taxa from the mud snail Batillaria attramentaria collected from 66 sampling sites from Hokkaido to Kyushu Islands in Japan. The infection rates ranged from 0% to 99% among the sites, and a maximum of seven taxa were found sympatrically. Infection rates and species diversity of trematodes were positively correlated with latitude. Three hypotheses were proposed to explain the mechanism behind them; (1) the abundance and/or robustness of host populations become higher in northern areas, (2) hosts are more long-lived in northern areas, which increases the possibility of infection by parasites throughout life, and (3) the infected hosts become more sensitive to environmental stresses (e.g., hypoxia and high water temperature) in southern areas. Further studies are needed for their taxonomy including cryptic species, taxa-specific host utilization, and geographical distribution using novel methodologies such as DNA-based species identification.
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| Free Research Field |
生態学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
寄生虫は、沿岸生態系において食物網の連鎖長、結合性、頑健性を規定する重要な要素の一つであることが指摘されている。寄生虫は宿主の個体群動態をコントロールするのみならず、群集内での種間競争や物質循環を変化させ、群集の生物多様性を変動させる効果がある。近年に至るまで、寄生虫は宿主の体内に隠れ住む隠蔽的な生活様式のために、生態系内での役割が正しく評価されてこなかったが、彼らは生態系内における重要な「ミッシングリンク」の一つであり、その動態解明は生態系内における群集動態や物質循環過程を理解するうえで極めて重要なテーマである。
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