2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Identification of vaccine immunogenic factors for in situ cancer vaccine strategy
| Project/Area Number |
20K07045
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 47030:Pharmaceutical hygiene and biochemistry-related
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| Research Institution | Osaka International Cancer Institute |
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Principal Investigator |
Akazawa Takashi 地方独立行政法人大阪府立病院機構大阪国際がんセンター(研究所), その他部局等, がん創薬部主任研究員 (80359299)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
杉浦 喜久弥 大阪公立大学, 生命環境科学研究科, 教授 (30171143)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | 腫瘍免疫 / がんワクチン / 免疫原性細胞死 / マイクロRNA |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This project aims to identify the key factors of cancer vaccines and apply them for “in situ vaccine strategy” as a novel therapy.
The study was advanced by analyzing the commonalities between “Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD) in cancer field” and “Our original research: In vivo behavior of cancer vaccine strains, spontaneous regression, leads to immune responses.”
The initial plan included "screening of anticancer drugs as immunogenic cell death inducer, and etc." However, we found that "microRNA-X in cancer cells work as a key factor regulating vaccinogenicity." Then we mainly studied its function and regulation of expression. These results were developed into the next project as a novel cancer vaccine strategy by microRNA regulation, and the research is still ongoing.
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| Free Research Field |
腫瘍免疫
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
学術的意義：免疫原性細胞死の研究は、細胞レベルの検討が先行し、個体レベル（動物実験）の免疫応答が十分に理解されていない。本課題では、樹立がんワクチン株と動物実験モデルを中心に検討を進めており、他の研究者と異なる着眼で免疫原性細胞死を検証し、新しい発見が得られている。
社会的意義：免疫原性細胞死の理解は、「生体内ワクチン戦略（免疫応答性の高い「がん細胞死」を生体内で誘導する）」を実現させるために必須のステップである。理論上、生体内ワクチン戦略と免疫チェックポイント阻害剤との併用は、「免疫療法」の治療効果を飛躍的に向上させることが期待されるため、社会的意義・貢献も高いと考えている。
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