The analysis of microbiota for intestinal colonization of ESBL-producing bacteria

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K08843
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 54030:Infectious disease medicine-related
• Research Institution: Nagasaki University
• Principal Investigator: Yanagihara Katsunori 長崎大学, 医歯薬学総合研究科(医学系), 教授 (40315239)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: ディスバイオーシス / 腸内細菌科細菌 / マイクロバイオーム

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Pretreatment of the mouse intestinal environment with antimicrobials induces “dysbiosis”, a disturbance of the bacterial flora, and the establishment of clinical isolates of ESBL-producing bacteria. Intestinal contents are cultured on selective media containing antimicrobials for identification and quantification of bacterial species. Fecal samples from the settled and target groups were collected for identification of the constituent bacterial species and analysis of species composition. It was shown that induction of dysbiosis of the intestinal microflora with antimicrobial agents affects the establishment of drug-resistant bacteria (ESBL-E.coli). It was suggested that some constituent bacterial groups of the gut microbiota are involved in the resistance of ESBL-E.coli to colonization. These results indicate that the microbiome can be a useful tool for deterring the establishment of resistant bacteria.

Free Research Field

感染症学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

大腸菌や肺炎桿菌などの腸内細菌科細菌は、近年増加傾向にあり、通常の感染対策では効果が乏しい。腸内に定着するこれらの菌をコントロールすることは難しい。本研究では、マイクロバイオームを活用した耐性菌の定着抑止が可能であることを明らかになった。これは、薬剤耐性腸内細菌科細菌の新しい制御法につながるものである。AMR（薬剤耐性菌）は世界的に問題になっており、解決すべき課題である。本研究成果が対策の一助になることが期待される。