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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Basic research about future Implementation of precision medicine for gynecological malignancies

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K09662
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 56040:Obstetrics and gynecology-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Tanikawa Michihiro  東京大学, 医学部附属病院, 届出研究員 (70706944)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywordsがんゲノム医療 / 婦人科悪性腫瘍 / 相同組み換え修復 / 患者由来モデル / オルガノイド
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to establish basic research for further implementation of cancer genome medicine. First, we conducted basic research on the homologous recombination repair pathway, which is the therapeutic target of PARP inhibitors. We focused on MED1, a novel homologous recombination repair factor, and elucidated the role of MED1 in the homologous recombination repair pathway and its novel function of R-loop processing, which we reported in the paper. We also established a stable culture system for patient-derived organoids in gynecological malignancies to evaluate drug sensitivity based on biomarkers, and established a system to evaluate drug sensitivity by establishing organoid- and organoid-derived xenografts in small cell carcinoma of the cervix.

Free Research Field

がんゲノム医療 婦人科悪性腫瘍

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、新規がんドライバーであるmRNAプロセッシング経路が従来の役割では治療標的とすることが困難であるが、その機能失活が相同組み換え修復異常という治療標的につながりうることを明らかにした。また、オルガノイドをベースとした患者由来モデルの樹立は、リアルワールドで多数検出される治療標的バリアントに対する標的治療の効果を、患者投与前に病原性・薬剤感受性の観点から評価する事を可能とする最適モデルで、今後ゲノム医療において重要な役割を担うことが期待される。本研究は、がんゲノム医療時代におけるWet/Dry解析の協働により新たな治療法の開発や婦人科がん生物学全容解明への具体的道筋を示す研究といえる。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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