Application of antibiotic-loaded adipose-derived stem cells sheet to biofilm infection

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K17993
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 56020:Orthopedics-related
• Research Institution: Kanazawa University
• Principal Investigator: Yamamuro Yuki 金沢大学, 医学系, 協力研究員 (30844328)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 人工関節周囲感染 / 脂肪由来幹細胞 / 抗菌ペプチド

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we investigated a new treatment method for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). First, we established a treatment using "antibiotic-loaded ADSCs sheets" in combination with our original sheet technology, and then investigated the antibacterial effect of different administration methods. There were many difficulties in creating a sheet of ADSCs containing a certain amount of antibiotics due to technical problems, and furthermore, continuous research was necessary to create a stable sheet. In the study of different administration methods, ADSCs and intravenous antibacterial therapy showed a strong antibacterial effect on PJI model rats, with early recovery of body weight, reduction in bacterial counts, and suppression of bone mineral density loss. The antibacterial effect may be related to increased expression of cathelicidin.

Free Research Field

整形外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の成果は、ADSCsが抗菌薬の抗菌効果を妨げず、増強させること、そのメカニズムとして感染局所のカテリシジン発現の増加が寄与している可能性を強調しており、PJIに対する新しい細胞ベースの治療戦略を提供できる可能性がある。さらに従来の抗菌薬治療では効果が不十分な人工関節周囲感染患者に、応用できる可能性を示唆するものであった。今後も引き続き、他菌種や抗菌薬含有脂肪由来幹細胞での研究を進めるとともに、安定化した抗菌薬含有ADSCsシート作成、さらにその応用に向けて研究を進めていく。