Development of protocol for promoting oral feeding for patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy by bioengineering analysis

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K19237
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 58080:Gerontological nursing and community health nursing-related
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Miura Yuka 東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科(医学部), 特任助教 (30791587)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 超音波検査 / 誤嚥 / 咽頭残留 / 人工知能 / 画像処理 / 看護理工学

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to develop a method for detecting residue in the pyriform fossa by ultrasonography using AI and to evaluate test foods containing bubbles to improve the visibility of residue. The sensitivity and specificity of detection of pharyngeal residues by AI, which automatically detects residues, were 100% and 87.5%, respectively, exceeding the results observed by nurses without AI. The sensitivity and specificity of detection of pharyngeal residuals using the test food with bubbles were improved in 3 out of 4 nurses compared to those without bubbles. In the future, it is necessary to evaluate in an interventional study whether the observation of pharyngeal residues by these methods can promote oral intake even after making the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Free Research Field

老年看護学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまで、在宅や施設では誤嚥の要因となる摂食嚥下機能や胃食道逆流症のアセスメントが十分できず、医療者が誤嚥性肺炎のリスクを恐れることや実際に誤嚥性肺炎に至ってしまうことから、胃ろう造設後の経口摂取が進まないことが課題となっていた。本研究により、今後、非侵襲で施設・在宅でも使用可能なエコーを用いた残留物や胃食道逆流症の観察を看護師が自信を持って行うための手段として、AIの利用や気泡を含んだ検査食の利用を本研究の成果から提案できたと考えられる。